The effect of different culture mediums on the morphological characters, growth parameters, chemical contents, and biological activities of Kamptonema formosum (Bory ex Gomont) Strunecký, Komárek & J. Smarda.

Abstract

In this study, the effects of different culture mediums (Spirulina, BG11 and F/2) on Kamptonema formosum strain were evaluated in terms of morphological characters and colonial structure, growth parameters (OD, chlorophyll-a), pH, dry biomass, biochemical content (total proteins, total carbohydrates, total lipids, and total phenolic contents) and biological activities (antioxidant and antibacterial activity). Based on the light and electron microscope observations, variations were detected in the morphological characters and colonial structures of the Cyanobacteria grown in the three culture mediums. K. formosum grown in Spirulina medium developed more than those grown in BG11 and F/2 mediums according to OD560, OD680, chlorophyll-a, and pH. The dry biomass, total protein, and total lipid content of the strain produced in the Spirulina medium were found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared to other mediums. The methanolic extract obtained from the biomass grown in Spirulina medium showed strong antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus aureus (16.5 mm) and Enterecoccus faecalis (15 mm). In addition, the highest DPPH scavenging activity and total phenolic content were determined in the extract obtained from the Spirulina medium, while the lowest was detected in the extract obtained from the F/2 medium. As a result, K. formosum developed in Spirulina medium proved to be more effective in obtaining biomass, revealing biochemical contents and pharmacological activities.