Psychological interventions to improve cognitive biases in people with schizophrenia: A systematic review

IF 1.5 4区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY European Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-28 DOI:10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100304

Marcel Gratacós-Torras , Esther Pousa , Susana Ochoa , Josep Manel Santos

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Abstract

Introduction

Individuals with schizophrenia commonly exhibit cognitive biases that are related to the disorder's symptoms.

Objective

To review the current evidence on the characteristics and efficacy of psychological interventions targeting cognitive biases in individuals with schizophrenia.

Method

Systematic review registered in PROSPERO. A bibliographic search was conducted in PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to January 2024. The search focused on quantitative studies using the following keyword sequence: (schizophreni* OR psychosis OR psychoses OR psychotic*) AND (cogniti* OR think*) AND (bias* OR error*) AND (treatment OR therapy OR intervention OR training).

Results

A total of 38 studies assessed psychological interventions targeting cognitive biases in schizophrenia, with most focusing on Metacognitive Training (MCT). These interventions were found to significantly improve cognitive biases and positive symptoms, with promising effects on other symptoms,such as insight, negative symptoms, or self-esteem.

Conclusions

The evidence linking cognitive biases to schizophrenia symptomatology is reinforced. Additionally, it is shown that improving cognitive biases may be an important therapeutic goal in the treatment of the disorder.

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改善精神分裂症患者认知偏差的心理干预：系统综述

精神分裂症患者通常表现出与疾病症状相关的认知偏差。目的综述针对精神分裂症患者认知偏差的心理干预的特点和效果。方法在PROSPERO注册系统评价。在PsycINFO， PubMed， Scopus和Web of Science中进行了文献检索，截止到2024年1月。搜索集中于使用以下关键字序列的定量研究：（精神分裂症*或精神病或精神病或精神病*）和（认知*或思考*）和（偏差*或错误*）和（治疗或治疗或干预或培训）。结果共有38项研究评估了针对精神分裂症认知偏差的心理干预措施，其中大部分集中在元认知训练（MCT）上。研究发现，这些干预措施显著改善了认知偏差和阳性症状，对其他症状（如洞察力、阴性症状或自尊）也有希望产生效果。结论认知偏差与精神分裂症症状学联系的证据得到加强。此外，研究表明，改善认知偏差可能是治疗该疾病的重要治疗目标。

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来源期刊

European Journal of Psychiatry PSYCHIATRY-

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

43 days

期刊介绍： The European journal of psychiatry is a quarterly publication founded in 1986 and directed by Professor Seva until his death in 2004. It was originally intended to report “the scientific activity of European psychiatrists” and “to bring about a greater degree of communication” among them. However, “since scientific knowledge has no geographical or cultural boundaries, is open to contributions from all over the world”. These principles are maintained in the new stage of the journal, now expanded with the help of an American editor.