Neuropsychological Tests of Memory, Visuospatial, and Language Function in Parkinson's Disease: Review, Critique, and Recommendations

IF 7.6 1区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Movement Disorders Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI:10.1002/mds.30166

Ondrej Bezdicek PhD, Roberta Biundo PhD, Sarai Boelema PhD, Davide Maria Cammisuli PhD, Brenna Cholerton PhD, Alice Cronin-Golomb PhD, John C. Dalrymple-Alford PhD, Annelien Duits PhD, Robert Fellows PhD, Adam Gerstenecker PhD, Hanane El Hachioui PhD, Hana Horáková PhD, Janneke Koerts PhD, Bonnie Levin PhD, Inga Liepelt-Scarfone PhD, Marina Sarno PsyD, Tiago A. Mestre PhD, Álvaro Sánchez Ferro MD, PhD, Michelle Hyczy de Siqueira Tosin PhD, Matej Skorvanek MD, PhD, Daniel Weintraub MD, Gert J. Geurtsen PhD, the members of the IPMDS Clinical Outcome Assessment Scientific Evaluation Committee

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Abstract

Background

Cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD) is a key non-motor complication during the disease course.

Objectives

A review of detailed cognitive instruments to detect mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) or dementia (PDD) is needed to establish optimal tests that facilitate diagnostic accuracy.

Methods

We performed a systematic literature review of tests that assess memory, language including premorbid intelligence, and visuospatial domains (for tests of attention and executive functions see accompanying review) to determine suitability to assess cognition in PD. Based on in-depth scrutiny of psychometric and other relevant clinimetric properties, tests were rated as “recommended,” “recommended with caveats,” “suggested,” or “listed” by the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (IPMDS) panel of experts according to the IPMDS Clinical Outcome Assessment Scientific Evaluation Committee guidelines.

Results

We included 39 tests encompassing 48 outcome measures. Seven tests (different versions or subtests of the test counted once) were recommended, including four for memory, one for visuospatial domains, one for language (including three measures), and one for estimated premorbid intelligence. Furthermore, 10 tests (12 measures) were “recommended with caveats,” 11 were “suggested,” and 11 (15 measures) were “listed.”

Conclusions

Recommended neuropsychological tests in memory, visuospatial functions, and language are proposed to guide the assessment of cognitive impairment and its progression in PD-MCI and PDD, and for use in clinical trials to stratify participants or as outcome measures. Novel measures being developed will need extensive validation research to be “recommended.” © 2025 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

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帕金森病患者记忆、视觉空间和语言功能的神经心理学测试：回顾、批评和建议。

背景：认知障碍是帕金森病（PD）病程中一个重要的非运动并发症。目的：需要对检测轻度认知障碍（PD-MCI）或痴呆（PDD）的详细认知工具进行回顾，以建立促进诊断准确性的最佳测试。方法：我们对评估记忆、语言（包括病前智力）和视觉空间域（关于注意力和执行功能的测试见随附综述）的测试进行了系统的文献综述，以确定评估PD认知的适用性。国际帕金森和运动障碍学会（IPMDS）专家小组根据IPMDS临床结果评估科学评估委员会的指导方针，对心理测量学和其他相关临床测量学特性进行了深入审查，将这些测试评为“推荐”、“有警告的推荐”、“建议”或“列出”。结果：我们纳入了39项试验，包括48项结果测量。建议进行七项测试（测试的不同版本或子测试计算一次），包括四项记忆测试、一项视觉空间测试、一项语言测试（包括三项测试）和一项预估病前智力测试。此外，10项测试（12项措施）被“推荐并附带说明”，11项被“建议”，11项（15项措施）被“列出”。“结论：建议在记忆、视觉空间功能和语言方面进行神经心理学测试，以指导PD-MCI和PDD中认知障碍及其进展的评估，并用于临床试验中对参与者进行分层或作为结果测量。正在开发的新措施将需要广泛的验证研究才能被“推荐”。©2025作者。Wiley期刊有限责任公司代表国际帕金森和运动障碍学会出版的《运动障碍》。

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来源期刊

Movement Disorders 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

13.30

自引率

8.10%

发文量

371

审稿时长

12 months

期刊介绍： Movement Disorders publishes a variety of content types including Reviews, Viewpoints, Full Length Articles, Historical Reports, Brief Reports, and Letters. The journal considers original manuscripts on topics related to the diagnosis, therapeutics, pharmacology, biochemistry, physiology, etiology, genetics, and epidemiology of movement disorders. Appropriate topics include Parkinsonism, Chorea, Tremors, Dystonia, Myoclonus, Tics, Tardive Dyskinesia, Spasticity, and Ataxia.