Brain-thyroid crosstalk: 18F-FDG-PET/MRI evidence in patients with follicular thyroid adenomas

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES Brain Research Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111324

Yun-Ting Xiang , Jie Ma , Jia-Jia Wu , Xin Xue , Xin Gao , Xu-Yun Hua , Mou-Xiong Zheng , Jian-Guang Xu

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Abstract

Objective

The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis has been well-known. However, whether follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA) could affect brain glucose metabolism is still unknown. Therefore, we explored the brain glucose metabolic characteristics of FTA with Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging.

Methods

Totally 30 FTA patients without clinical symptoms (FTA group), and 60 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC group) were included and randomly divided into cohort A and B in 2:1 ratio. Cohort A was analyzed with scaled sub-profile model/principal component analysis (SSM/PCA) for pattern identification. Cohort B was calculated the individual scores to validate expression of the pattern. Then we calculated the metabolic connectivity based on characteristics of the pattern to investigate the underlying mechanism. Finally, we constructed metabolic brain networks and analyzed the topological properties to further explore the brain metabolic model.

Results

In SSM/PCA, FTA group showed an almost global, left-right symmetrical pattern. In metabolic connectivity, FTA group showed increased metabolic connectivity in brain regions of the sensorimotor network, ventral default mode network (DMN), posterior salient network, right executive control network (ECN), visuospatial network and language network when compared to HC group, and showed decreased connectivity in dorsal DMN and left ECN. In topological properties of brain network, FTA group showed an increased betweenness centrality (BC) in left rolandic operculum, a decreased BC in superior temporal gyrus, increased BC and Degree in right precentral gyrus, increased D in right parahippocampal gyrus and left hippocampus, and decreased D and efficiency in right orbital part of middle frontal gyrus (FDR correction for multiple comparisons, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Although FTA patients are not yet symptomatic, their brain metabolic characteristics include extensive brain alterations, disrupted internal connectivity, not only involving brain regions associated with endocrine activity, but also brain networks and regions associated with motor, emotion and cognition.

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脑甲状腺串扰：滤泡性甲状腺腺瘤患者的18F-FDG-PET/MRI证据

目的了解下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴。然而，滤泡性甲状腺腺瘤（FTA）是否会影响脑糖代谢尚不清楚。因此，我们利用氟脱氧葡萄糖F18正电子发射断层扫描/磁共振成像技术探讨了FTA的脑糖代谢特征。方法选择无临床症状的FTA患者30例（FTA组）和年龄、性别匹配的健康对照组60例（HC组），按2:1的比例随机分为A、B组。队列A采用尺度子剖面模型/主成分分析（SSM/PCA）进行模式识别。队列B计算个体得分以验证模式的表达。然后，我们根据模式的特征计算代谢连通性，以研究潜在的机制。最后，我们构建了代谢脑网络，并分析了拓扑性质，进一步探索脑代谢模型。结果在SSM/PCA中，FTA组表现出几乎全局的左右对称模式。在代谢连通性方面，FTA组感觉运动网络、腹侧默认网络（DMN）、后凸网络、右侧执行控制网络（ECN）、视觉空间网络和语言网络等脑区代谢连通性较HC组增加，DMN背侧和左侧ECN的连通性下降。在脑网络拓扑特性上，FTA组左脑圆盖间中心性（between - centrality， BC）升高，颞上回BC降低，右侧中央前回BC和Degree升高，右侧海马旁回和左侧海马D升高，额中回右眶部D和效率降低（FDR校正多重比较，P <； 0.05）。结论FTA患者虽然尚未出现症状，但其脑代谢特征包括广泛的脑改变，内部连通性中断，不仅涉及与内分泌活动相关的脑区域，还涉及与运动、情绪和认知相关的脑网络和脑区域。

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来源期刊

Brain Research Bulletin 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

6.90

自引率

2.60%

发文量

253

审稿时长

67 days

期刊介绍： The Brain Research Bulletin (BRB) aims to publish novel work that advances our knowledge of molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie neural network properties associated with behavior, cognition and other brain functions during neurodevelopment and in the adult. Although clinical research is out of the Journal''s scope, the BRB also aims to publish translation research that provides insight into biological mechanisms and processes associated with neurodegeneration mechanisms, neurological diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders. The Journal is especially interested in research using novel methodologies, such as optogenetics, multielectrode array recordings and life imaging in wild-type and genetically-modified animal models, with the goal to advance our understanding of how neurons, glia and networks function in vivo.