Navigated and Robotic Total Knee Arthroplasty Do Not Confer Improved 5-Year Survivorship Compared to Conventional Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Analysis From the American Joint Replacement Registry
Alexa K. Pius MD , Scott M. Sporer MD , Oliva Sterling MPH , Mita De PhD , Mahveen Jahan MPH , James A. Browne MD , Bryan D. Springer MD , James I. Huddleston MD
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Abstract
Background
Computer-assisted navigation and/or the use of robotics at the time of the primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have been shown to improve implant position, minimize alignment outliers, and possibly improve patient outcomes compared to conventional instrumentation. The purpose of this study was to use the linked Medicare dataset from the American Joint Replacement Registry to compare the midterm (5-year) outcomes of navigated TKA and robotic TKA to those of conventional TKA.
Methods
All primary TKA procedures submitted to the American Joint Replacement Registry between January 2017 and December 2022 among patients aged 65 years and older were included in the analysis. The data were stratified into patients who underwent navigated TKA, robotic TKA, or conventional TKA at the time of their index procedure. The all-cause revision rate, mechanical loosening rate, and the other mechanical complication rate were determined at five years postoperatively. The survival model was adjusted for age, sex, fixation type, and year.
Results
At five years postoperatively, the survival model found computer navigation use to not be significant in TKA all-cause revision (P = 0.32) or mechanical loosening (P = 0.91), but was significant for other mechanical complications (P = 0.004). Robotic use was not found to be significant in TKA all-cause revision (P = 0.75), mechanical loosening (P = 0.42), or other mechanical complications (P = 0.46).
Conclusions
Navigation and/or the use of robotics at the time of primary TKA did not demonstrate a decrease in the need for revision at five years follow-up among Medicare beneficiaries. Although this study was unable to assess other important clinical outcomes following TKA with advanced technology, the purported benefits of using this technology to improve component survival are not supported.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Arthroplasty brings together the clinical and scientific foundations for joint replacement. This peer-reviewed journal publishes original research and manuscripts of the highest quality from all areas relating to joint replacement or the treatment of its complications, including those dealing with clinical series and experience, prosthetic design, biomechanics, biomaterials, metallurgy, biologic response to arthroplasty materials in vivo and in vitro.
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