On-demand electrically controlled perampanel delivery from a PEDOT/SNP composite for seizure control

Abstract

Deep brain stimulation and closed-loop electrical stimulation are considered among the most effective techniques for treating pharmacoresistant epilepsy. However, various neuromodulation techniques and corresponding stimulation parameters have different effects on controlling epileptic seizures. To enhance the ability of stimulating electrodes to regulate nerve activity, sulfonated silica nanoparticles (SNPs) loaded with the anti-seizure medication perampanel were used as dopants in the conductive polymer PEDOT to modify the implanted neural electrode. After electrochemical deposition of PEDOT/SNP-perampanel on nickel–chromium alloy electrodes, the charge storage capacity was significantly increased, and the electrochemical impedance at 1 kHz was significantly reduced. In addition, perampanel could be released on demand by applying electrical stimulation, allowing for precise drug delivery to the brain area to reduce seizure frequency. We anticipate that this modification method will enable broader applications in neural interfaces and the treatment of neurological diseases.