Enhancing public transportation sustainability: Insights from electric bus scheduling and charge optimization

IF 12 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Sustainable Cities and Society Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-28 DOI:10.1016/j.scs.2025.106298

Foroogh Behnia , Seyyed Sajad Mousavi Nejad Souq , Beth-Anne Schuelke-Leech , Mitra Mirhassani

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Abstract

This study presents a joint optimization model for optimizing the scheduling and charging of electric buses in urban transit systems, integrating fleet size determination, trip scheduling, and charging infrastructure planning. The model is solved using a genetic algorithm and validated through constrained particle swarm optimization. Results demonstrate that by efficiently incorporating time-of-use pricing, optimized partial charging, and dynamic speed variations, the model achieves a 2.5% cost reduction compared to full charging and improves operational efficiency by over 7% within changing speed scenarios. Sensitivity analyses confirm the model’s robustness, identifying the minimum charge duration of 15 min and discharge depth of 90% as economically optimal. The study provides valuable insights for transit agencies seeking to optimize electric bus fleet operations and transition to more sustainable and cost-effective public transportation.

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提高公共交通的可持续性：来自电动公交车调度和充电优化的见解

提出了一种结合车队规模确定、行程调度和充电基础设施规划的城市公交系统电动公交车调度与充电联合优化模型。采用遗传算法对模型进行求解，并通过约束粒子群算法对模型进行验证。结果表明，通过有效地结合使用时间定价、优化的部分充电和动态速度变化，该模型与完全充电相比，成本降低了2.5%，在变化的速度场景下，运营效率提高了7%以上。灵敏度分析证实了模型的稳健性，确定最小充电时间为15分钟，放电深度为90%是经济上最优的。该研究为寻求优化电动公交车队运营并向更具可持续性和成本效益的公共交通过渡的运输机构提供了有价值的见解。

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来源期刊

Sustainable Cities and Society Social Sciences-Geography, Planning and Development

CiteScore

22.00

自引率

13.70%

发文量

810

审稿时长

27 days

期刊介绍： Sustainable Cities and Society (SCS) is an international journal that focuses on fundamental and applied research to promote environmentally sustainable and socially resilient cities. The journal welcomes cross-cutting, multi-disciplinary research in various areas, including: 1. Smart cities and resilient environments; 2. Alternative/clean energy sources, energy distribution, distributed energy generation, and energy demand reduction/management; 3. Monitoring and improving air quality in built environment and cities (e.g., healthy built environment and air quality management); 4. Energy efficient, low/zero carbon, and green buildings/communities; 5. Climate change mitigation and adaptation in urban environments; 6. Green infrastructure and BMPs; 7. Environmental Footprint accounting and management; 8. Urban agriculture and forestry; 9. ICT, smart grid and intelligent infrastructure; 10. Urban design/planning, regulations, legislation, certification, economics, and policy; 11. Social aspects, impacts and resiliency of cities; 12. Behavior monitoring, analysis and change within urban communities; 13. Health monitoring and improvement; 14. Nexus issues related to sustainable cities and societies; 15. Smart city governance; 16. Decision Support Systems for trade-off and uncertainty analysis for improved management of cities and society; 17. Big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence applications and case studies; 18. Critical infrastructure protection, including security, privacy, forensics, and reliability issues of cyber-physical systems. 19. Water footprint reduction and urban water distribution, harvesting, treatment, reuse and management; 20. Waste reduction and recycling; 21. Wastewater collection, treatment and recycling; 22. Smart, clean and healthy transportation systems and infrastructure;