Impact of atrial fibrillation on the risk for new-onset chronic kidney disease and all-cause mortality: A prospective cohort study.

Abstract

Aims: To investigate the effect of atrial fibrillation (AF) on the risk for new-onset chronic kidney disease (CKD) and all-cause mortality in a sample Chinese population.

Materials and methods: A total of 1,432 patients with AF were propensity matched (1 : 4) with 5,722 individuals without AF (non-AF group). Clinical endpoints included new-onset CKD or all-cause mortality. The cumulative incidence of new-onset CKD in the two groups was compared using Kaplan-Meier curve analysis. The association between AF and the risk for new-onset CKD or all-cause mortality was assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model.

Results: During the 5.9-year follow-up, 190 and 641 cases of new-onset CKD were recorded in the AF and non-AF groups, respectively. The AF group had a significantly higher cumulative incidence of new-onset CKD at 21.66% compared to the non-AF group at 17.33% (p < 0.001). In addition, 346 and 841 deaths occurred in the AF and non-AF groups, respectively. The AF group had a significantly higher cumulative incidence of all-cause mortality at 39.65% compared to the non-AF group at 23.86% (p < 0.001). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis model revealed that AF was significantly associated with new-onset CKD and all-cause mortality.

Conclusion: Atrial fibrillation was significantly associated with both new-onset CKD and all-cause mortality, suggesting that AF is a potential risk factor for new-onset CKD.