Microglia efferocytosis: an emerging mechanism for the resolution of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease.

IF 10.1 1区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Journal of Neuroinflammation Pub Date : 2025-03-30 DOI:10.1186/s12974-025-03428-0

Yongping Chen, Yuhong Kou, Yang Ni, Haotian Yang, Cailin Xu, Honggang Fan, Huanqi Liu

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Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by significant neuroinflammatory responses. Microglia, the immune cells of the central nervous system, play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of AD. Recent studies have indicated that microglial efferocytosis is an important mechanism for clearing apoptotic cells and cellular debris, facilitating the resolution of neuroinflammation. This review summarizes the biological characteristics of microglia and the mechanisms underlying microglial efferocytosis, including the factors and signaling pathways that regulate efferocytosis, the interactions between microglia and other cells that influence this process, and the role of neuroinflammation in AD. Furthermore, we explore the role of microglial efferocytosis in AD from three perspectives: its impact on the clearance of amyloid plaques, its regulation of neuroinflammation, and its effects on neuroprotection. Finally, we summarize the current research status on enhancing microglial efferocytosis to alleviate neuroinflammation and improve AD, as well as the future challenges of this approach as a therapeutic strategy for AD.

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小胶质细胞的排出：解决阿尔茨海默病神经炎症的新机制。

阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种复杂的神经退行性疾病，其特征是显著的神经炎症反应。小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统的免疫细胞，在阿尔茨海默病的病理生理中起着至关重要的作用。最近的研究表明，小胶质细胞efferocytosis是清除凋亡细胞和细胞碎片，促进神经炎症解决的重要机制。本文综述了小胶质细胞的生物学特性和小胶质细胞efferocytosis的机制，包括调节efferocytosis的因子和信号通路，小胶质细胞与其他影响这一过程的细胞之间的相互作用，以及神经炎症在AD中的作用。此外，我们从三个方面探讨了小胶质细胞efferocytosis在AD中的作用：它对淀粉样斑块清除的影响，它对神经炎症的调节以及它对神经保护的作用。最后，我们总结了增强小胶质细胞efferocysis减轻神经炎症和改善AD的研究现状，以及该方法作为AD治疗策略的未来挑战。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Neuroinflammation 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

15.90

自引率

3.20%

发文量

276

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Neuroinflammation is a peer-reviewed, open access publication that emphasizes the interaction between the immune system, particularly the innate immune system, and the nervous system. It covers various aspects, including the involvement of CNS immune mediators like microglia and astrocytes, the cytokines and chemokines they produce, and the influence of peripheral neuro-immune interactions, T cells, monocytes, complement proteins, acute phase proteins, oxidative injury, and related molecular processes. Neuroinflammation is a rapidly expanding field that has significantly enhanced our knowledge of chronic neurological diseases. It attracts researchers from diverse disciplines such as pathology, biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics, clinical medicine, and epidemiology. Substantial contributions to this field have been made through studies involving populations, patients, postmortem tissues, animal models, and in vitro systems. The Journal of Neuroinflammation consolidates research that centers around common pathogenic processes. It serves as a platform for integrative reviews and commentaries in this field.