Effects of weight loss on testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, adiposity, and insulin sensitivity in women and men

IF 4.7 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Obesity Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI:10.1002/oby.24269

Justine M. Mucinski, David E. Kelley, Stephen J. Winters, Bret H. Goodpaster

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Abstract

Objective

Testosterone and glucose disposal (Rd) are positively associated in adult men, whereas the opposite is reported in women. Sex-specific relationships between testosterone or sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and Rd in men and women with and without obesity and following weight loss were examined.

Methods

Adult men and women (n = 27/28; BMI = 20–41 kg/m²) underwent measurements of body composition, Rd, SHBG, and bioavailable (BioA) and total testosterone. Men and women (n = 17/15) with obesity completed a 16-week dietary weight-loss program with repeat testing.

Results

BioA testosterone was lower in men with obesity and was related to Rd positively in men and negatively in women (p < 0.05). Across participants, weight loss increased Rd and SHBG (p < 0.01). BioA testosterone was unchanged in men; however, individual changes were independently related to Rd (p = 0.031). In women, BioA testosterone declined (p < 0.009) but was not related to Rd.

Conclusions

BioA testosterone was associated with Rd, positively in men and negatively in women. Weight loss reduced BioA testosterone in women; however, individual changes were associated with improved Rd in men. SHBG was a better correlate of improved Rd in women. Additional studies should identify mechanisms that drive sex differences and interventions that modify testosterone, reduce adiposity, and improve Rd across both sexes.

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减肥对男性和女性睾酮、性激素结合球蛋白、肥胖和胰岛素敏感性的影响。

目的：睾酮和葡萄糖处置（Rd）在成年男性中呈正相关，而在女性中则相反。在有肥胖和没有肥胖以及体重减轻的男性和女性中，睾酮或性激素结合球蛋白（SHBG）和Rd之间的性别特异性关系进行了研究。方法：成年男女(n = 27/28；BMI = 20-41 kg/m2)，测量身体组成、Rd、SHBG、生物利用度（BioA）和总睾酮。肥胖的男性和女性（n = 17/15）完成了为期16周的饮食减肥计划，并进行了重复测试。结果：肥胖男性的BioA睾酮水平较低，与Rd呈正相关，与女性呈负相关(p结论：BioA睾酮与Rd呈正相关，男性为正相关，女性为负相关。减肥降低了女性的BioA睾酮；然而，个体变化与男性Rd的改善有关。SHBG与女性Rd改善有较好的相关性。进一步的研究应该确定驱动性别差异的机制和干预措施，以改变睾丸激素，减少肥胖，并改善两性之间的Rd。

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来源期刊

Obesity 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

11.70

自引率

1.40%

发文量

261

审稿时长

2-4 weeks

期刊介绍： Obesity is the official journal of The Obesity Society and is the premier source of information for increasing knowledge, fostering translational research from basic to population science, and promoting better treatment for people with obesity. Obesity publishes important peer-reviewed research and cutting-edge reviews, commentaries, and public health and medical developments.

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