Drivers and barriers of residual agroforestry biomass valorization: a systematic literature review

Abstract

This systematic review explores the drivers and barriers of residual agroforestry biomass valorization, examining technological, economic, and policy-related factors. The review encompasses studies from 2000 to 2024. The selected papers include peer-reviewed articles and technical reports addressing residual agroforestry biomass technologies, policies, market trends, and environmental impacts from around the world. Key barriers identified include insufficient support from the public and private sectors, inadequate stakeholder training, limited research investment and high production costs. Conversely, drivers such as advanced technologies like pyrolysis and gasification, and supportive policies, including subsidies and tax incentives, can encourage biomass valorization. The review highlights the potential of residual biomass for diverse applications beyond bioenergy, such as medicinal products, construction materials, and consumer goods. Future research should focus on comprehensive utilization pathways, optimizing biomass collection and conversion technologies, and assessing the economic and environmental impacts of various applications. Additionally, effective policy mechanisms and risk management strategies for stakeholders are crucial for promoting sustainable business models. By addressing these areas, future studies can enhance the sustainable development of the residual agroforestry biomass sector, contributing to environmental sustainability, rural development, economic growth, and advancing the bioeconomy.