A custom-made mouthguard reduces head acceleration during soccer heading and prevents acute electrophysiological and cognitive changes in amateur male players.

IF 10.8 1区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL EBioMedicine Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-02 DOI:10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105674

Claire Pitteu, Philippine Lepère, Philippe Poisson, Etienne Guillaud, Emilie Doat, Bertrand Glize, Patrick Dehail, Hélène Cassoudesalle

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Abstract

Background: Repetitive head impacts related to soccer heading might lead to long-term risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Helping to stabilise the head-neck-torso complex could be a preventive strategy. This study aims to investigate head acceleration and heading-related acute electrophysiological and cognitive changes in soccer players, with a custom-made mouthguard (CM-MG) and without.

Methods: In this crossover study, 18 amateur male soccer players (age 22 ± 3 y) performed ten consecutive headers from machine-projected balls, with and without a CM-MG. Head accelerations during heading were recorded. Peak force of neck muscles were assessed. Before and immediately after heading, cognitive function was assessed, and the cortical silent period (cSP) was measured from the motor-evoked potentials recorded using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.

Findings: A decrease of 6·40 g (95% CI [-11·74; 39·09]) of mean peak linear head acceleration was found with the CM-MG (26·43 g) compared to without (34·15 g, p = 0·01). The peak force of the head flexor muscles was higher with the CM-MG (172 N) than without (146·7 N), with a mean difference of 19·33 N (95% CI [13·39; 25·27]) (p < 0·001). The difference in mean cSP between pre- and post-heading decreased statistically significantly with the CM-MG (-9·17 ms) compared to without (20·03 ms; p = 0·0016), with a median difference of -22·87 ms (95% CI [-45·85; -4·02]). There was also a decrease in the changes to memory performance with the CM-MG versus without.

Interpretation: A CM-MG may have the potential to protect the brain during soccer heading. More studies are still needed to confirm its benefits in all playing conditions on the field.

Funding: This research received two grants from LabEx BRAIN- Bordeaux University and France Traumatisme Cranien (public sector).

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一个定制的护齿减少头部加速度在足球头球和防止急性电生理和认知变化的业余男性球员。

背景：与足球头球相关的重复性头部撞击可能导致神经退行性疾病的长期风险。帮助稳定头颈躯干复合体可能是一种预防策略。本研究旨在探讨足球运动员在佩戴特制护齿（CM-MG）和不佩戴护齿（CM-MG）时头部加速度和与头球相关的急性电生理和认知变化。方法：在这项交叉研究中，18名业余男性足球运动员（年龄22±3岁）连续10次用机器投射的球头球，有或没有CM-MG。记录头球过程中的头部加速度。评估颈部肌肉的峰值力。在头球前和头球后立即评估认知功能，并通过经颅磁刺激记录的运动诱发电位测量皮质沉默期（cSP）。结果：减少6.40 g (95% CI [- 11.74；加CM-MG后平均峰值直线头部加速度（26.43 g）比不加CM-MG时（34.15 g, p = 0.01）显著增加（p = 0.01）。CM-MG组头屈肌的峰值力（172 N）高于未加CM-MG组（146·7 N），平均差为19.33 N (95% CI [13.39；[25.27]) (p解释：CM-MG在足球头球时可能具有保护大脑的潜力。还需要更多的研究来证实它在场上所有比赛条件下的益处。资助：本研究获得了LabEx BRAIN- Bordeaux大学和France trauma atisme Cranien（公共部门）的两项资助。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

EBioMedicine Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology

CiteScore

17.70

自引率

0.90%

发文量

579

审稿时长

5 weeks

期刊介绍： eBioMedicine is a comprehensive biomedical research journal that covers a wide range of studies that are relevant to human health. Our focus is on original research that explores the fundamental factors influencing human health and disease, including the discovery of new therapeutic targets and treatments, the identification of biomarkers and diagnostic tools, and the investigation and modification of disease pathways and mechanisms. We welcome studies from any biomedical discipline that contribute to our understanding of disease and aim to improve human health.