Discrepancy model to RtI: Gauging teacher preparedness for this shift in specific learning disability classification

Abstract

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (2004) allows alternate pathways for school districts to identify and classify students with a specific learning disability (SLD). Response to Intervention (RtI) is one of the frameworks schools can use when eliminating the use of the discrepancy model. The premise of RtI posits that tiered instruction can assist all students who are struggling through utilizing research-based interventions. When these tiers of intervention services are exhausted with limited to no response to the intervention, a child can be classified under the SLD category. There are documented concerns with effective implementation of RtI frameworks. This qualitative exploratory study examined the perceptions of teachers in a graduate education program regarding the knowledge, usage and implementation of RtI to classify students with a SLD. Through thematic analysis, findings indicate a need for more training in districts, better preparation at the university level and more support in applying RtI in the classroom. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.