Antimicrobial resistance: Linking molecular mechanisms to public health impact

IF 2.7 4区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS SLAS Discovery Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-09 DOI:10.1016/j.slasd.2025.100232

Ghazala Muteeb , Raisa Nazir Ahmed Kazi , Mohammad Aatif , Asim Azhar , Mohamed El Oirdi , Mohd Farhan

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Abstract

Background

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) develops into a worldwide health emergency through genetic and biochemical adaptations which enable microorganisms to resist antimicrobial treatment. β-lactamases (blaNDM, blaKPC) and efflux pumps (MexAB-OprM) working with mobile genetic elements facilitate fast proliferation of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and exttreme drug-resistant (XDR) phenotypes thus creating major concerns for healthcare systems and community health as well as the agricultural sector.

Objectives

The review dissimilarly unifies molecular resistance pathways with public health implications through the study of epidemiological data and monitoring approaches and innovative therapeutic solutions. Previous studies separating their attention between molecular genetics and clinical outcomes have been combined into our approach which delivers an all-encompassing analysis of AMR.

Key insights

The report investigates the resistance mechanisms which feature enzymatic degradation and efflux pump overexpression together with target modification and horizontal gene transfer because these factors represent important contributors to present-day AMR developments. This review investigates AMR effects on hospital and community environments where it affects pathogens including MRSA, carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, and drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This document explores modern AMR management methods that comprise WHO GLASS molecular surveillance systems and three innovative strategies such as CRISPR-modified genome editing and bacteriophage treatments along with antimicrobial peptides and artificial intelligence diagnostic tools.

Conclusion

The resolution of AMR needs complete scientific and global operational methods alongside state-of-the-art therapeutic approaches. Worldwide management of drug-resistant infection burden requires both enhanced infection prevention procedures with next-generation antimicrobial strategies to reduce cases effectively.

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抗菌素耐药性：将分子机制与公共卫生影响联系起来

微生物耐药（AMR）通过使微生物能够抵抗抗菌素治疗的遗传和生化适应而发展成为世界范围内的突发卫生事件。β-内酰胺酶（blaNDM、blaKPC）和外排泵（MexAB-OprM）与移动遗传元件一起工作，促进了多重耐药（MDR）和极端耐药（XDR）表型的快速增殖，从而给卫生保健系统、社区卫生以及农业部门带来了重大关切。目的通过流行病学数据、监测方法和创新治疗方案的研究，将分子耐药途径与公共卫生意义不同地统一起来。以前的研究将他们的注意力分离在分子遗传学和临床结果之间，这与我们的方法相结合，提供了一个全面的AMR分析。该报告研究了酶降解和外排泵过表达以及靶修饰和水平基因转移的耐药机制，因为这些因素是当今抗菌素耐药性发展的重要因素。本文综述了AMR对医院和社区环境的影响，其中它影响的病原体包括MRSA，耐碳青霉烯肺炎克雷伯菌和耐药铜绿假单胞菌。本文件探讨了现代抗菌素耐药性管理方法，包括世卫组织GLASS分子监测系统和三种创新策略，如crispr修饰的基因组编辑和噬菌体治疗，以及抗菌肽和人工智能诊断工具。结论AMR的解决需要科学、全面的操作方法和先进的治疗手段。全世界对耐药感染负担的管理既需要加强感染预防程序，又需要采用新一代抗菌素战略，以有效减少病例。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

SLAS Discovery Chemistry-Analytical Chemistry

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

3.20%

发文量

审稿时长

39 days

期刊介绍： Advancing Life Sciences R&D: SLAS Discovery reports how scientists develop and utilize novel technologies and/or approaches to provide and characterize chemical and biological tools to understand and treat human disease. SLAS Discovery is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes scientific reports that enable and improve target validation, evaluate current drug discovery technologies, provide novel research tools, and incorporate research approaches that enhance depth of knowledge and drug discovery success. SLAS Discovery emphasizes scientific and technical advances in target identification/validation (including chemical probes, RNA silencing, gene editing technologies); biomarker discovery; assay development; virtual, medium- or high-throughput screening (biochemical and biological, biophysical, phenotypic, toxicological, ADME); lead generation/optimization; chemical biology; and informatics (data analysis, image analysis, statistics, bio- and chemo-informatics). Review articles on target biology, new paradigms in drug discovery and advances in drug discovery technologies. SLAS Discovery is of particular interest to those involved in analytical chemistry, applied microbiology, automation, biochemistry, bioengineering, biomedical optics, biotechnology, bioinformatics, cell biology, DNA science and technology, genetics, information technology, medicinal chemistry, molecular biology, natural products chemistry, organic chemistry, pharmacology, spectroscopy, and toxicology. SLAS Discovery is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and was published previously (1996-2016) as the Journal of Biomolecular Screening (JBS).