Cancer Incidence in Kabul, Afghanistan: The First Report From the Population-Based Cancer Registry

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY Cancer Medicine Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI:10.1002/cam4.70844

Maihan Abdullah, Nisar Niazi, Goodarz Danaei, Jesse Bump, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Ikram Hashimi, Sabira Niyazi, Marwa Sarwari, Fatemeh Ghasemi-Kebria, Gholamreza Roshandel

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Abstract

Background

Establishing a population-based cancer registry is crucial for understanding cancer incidence, identifying risk factors, and developing effective cancer control programs. The Kabul Cancer Registry (KCR), Afghanistan's first population-based cancer registry, was established in 2018. The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence of cancer in Kabul between 2018 and 2020.

Methods

The KCR, adhering to International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) standards, actively collected data on new cancer cases from health facilities in Kabul between 2018 and 2020. We used CanReg5 software to calculate age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) by cancer site in males and females, using the direct method with Segi's World Standard Population.

Results

The KCR recorded 4498 new cancer cases among Kabul residents, with a male-to-female ratio of 0.82:1. The overall ASIR was 44.3 per 100,000 person-years in males and 60.9 in females. The top five cancer sites in males were stomach (ASIR = 9.1), esophagus (ASIR = 5.5), colorectum (ASIR = 3.7), lymphoma (ASIR = 2.4), and liver (ASIR = 2.1). In females, the top five cancer sites were breast (ASIR = 14.9), esophagus (ASIR = 6.7), stomach (ASIR = 4.2), colorectum (ASIR = 3.8), and gallbladder (ASIR = 1.8). Childhood cancers (aged 0–14 years) represented 6.8% of all cancers, with leukemia accounting for 43.5% of the new cancer cases.

Conclusions

The high incidence of breast, stomach, and esophagus cancers highlights the need for policymakers and healthcare providers to develop cancer control programs focused on primary prevention, early detection, and quality diagnosis and treatment. Additionally, this study underscores the importance of cancer registries and emphasizes the need to strengthen the KCR to improve data quality.

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阿富汗喀布尔的癌症发病率：基于人群的癌症登记的第一份报告

背景建立以人群为基础的癌症登记处对于了解癌症发病率、识别危险因素和制定有效的癌症控制方案至关重要。喀布尔癌症登记处（KCR）是阿富汗第一个基于人口的癌症登记处，于2018年成立。这项研究的目的是估计2018年至2020年间喀布尔的癌症发病率。方法KCR遵循国际癌症研究机构（IARC）的标准，积极收集2018年至2020年喀布尔卫生机构新发癌症病例的数据。我们使用CanReg5软件计算男性和女性癌症部位的年龄标准化发病率（asir），采用Segi世界标准人口直接法。结果KCR记录喀布尔居民癌症新发病例4498例，男女比例为0.82:1。总体ASIR男性为每10万人年44.3例，女性为60.9例。男性前5位癌症部位分别为胃（ASIR = 9.1）、食道（ASIR = 5.5）、结直肠（ASIR = 3.7）、淋巴瘤（ASIR = 2.4）和肝脏（ASIR = 2.1）。在女性中，前5位的癌症部位分别是乳房（ASIR = 14.9）、食道（ASIR = 6.7）、胃（ASIR = 4.2）、结直肠（ASIR = 3.8）和胆囊（ASIR = 1.8）。儿童癌症（0-14岁）占所有癌症的6.8%，白血病占新癌症病例的43.5%。结论乳腺癌、胃癌和食道癌的高发突出了决策者和医疗保健提供者制定以一级预防、早期发现和高质量诊断和治疗为重点的癌症控制规划的必要性。此外，本研究强调了癌症登记的重要性，并强调了加强KCR以提高数据质量的必要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cancer Medicine ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

2.50%

发文量

907

审稿时长

19 weeks

期刊介绍： Cancer Medicine is a peer-reviewed, open access, interdisciplinary journal providing rapid publication of research from global biomedical researchers across the cancer sciences. The journal will consider submissions from all oncologic specialties, including, but not limited to, the following areas: Clinical Cancer Research Translational research ∙ clinical trials ∙ chemotherapy ∙ radiation therapy ∙ surgical therapy ∙ clinical observations ∙ clinical guidelines ∙ genetic consultation ∙ ethical considerations Cancer Biology: Molecular biology ∙ cellular biology ∙ molecular genetics ∙ genomics ∙ immunology ∙ epigenetics ∙ metabolic studies ∙ proteomics ∙ cytopathology ∙ carcinogenesis ∙ drug discovery and delivery. Cancer Prevention: Behavioral science ∙ psychosocial studies ∙ screening ∙ nutrition ∙ epidemiology and prevention ∙ community outreach. Bioinformatics: Gene expressions profiles ∙ gene regulation networks ∙ genome bioinformatics ∙ pathwayanalysis ∙ prognostic biomarkers. Cancer Medicine publishes original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and research methods papers, along with invited editorials and commentaries. Original research papers must report well-conducted research with conclusions supported by the data presented in the paper.