A Scoping Review of Secondary Traumatic Stress in Nurses Working in the Emergency Department or Trauma Care Settings

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q1 NURSING Journal of Advanced Nursing Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI:10.1111/jan.16938

Hyeri Park, Heeyeon Kim, Heejung Kim

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

To synthesise recent literature related to secondary traumatic stress in nurses, specifically working in emergency and trauma care.

Design

A scoping review.

Methods

The Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and PRISMA for Scoping Reviews were used.

Data Sources

The literature search was conducted in November 2023 using PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL.

Results

The selected papers were published between 2009 and 2023, with a significant portion adopting Figley's definition of secondary traumatic stress: the consequence of witnessing other people's abnormal distressing events. Eight papers conceptualised secondary traumatic stress as a separate concept from compassion fatigue and four treated secondary traumatic stress as a subcomponent of compassion fatigue. Factors associated with secondary traumatic stress were categorised into personal, occupational and symptomatic factors. Specifically, age, gender, years of experience and work shift were the most frequently mentioned factors.

Conclusion

Many nurses experience secondary traumatic stress when working in emergency departments or traumatic care settings. However, more research is required to establish a consistent conceptualisation, operationalisation and impacts of risk factors. Further research should be conducted that considers job-related and individual factors of secondary traumatic stress. In addition, it is necessary to develop psychological and occupational nursing interventions to help nurses at high risk for secondary traumatic stress.

Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care

This review emphasises the significance of early detection and treatment for nurses with a high risk of occupational distress by synthesising articles addressing secondary traumatic stress-associated factors.

Impact

An understanding of secondary traumatic stress is critical to protect nurses working in trauma care settings alongside emergency departments. Based on our study findings, evidence-based assessments of high-risk groups should be conducted, considering personal, occupational and symptomatic factors. In addition, secondary traumatic stress could be a multilevel phenomenon requiring both individual and institutional support.

Reporting Method

PRISMA-ScR was used in this scoping review.

Patient or Public Contribution

No patient or public contribution.

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来源期刊

Journal of Advanced Nursing 医学-护理

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

7.90%

发文量

369

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Advanced Nursing (JAN) contributes to the advancement of evidence-based nursing, midwifery and healthcare by disseminating high quality research and scholarship of contemporary relevance and with potential to advance knowledge for practice, education, management or policy. All JAN papers are required to have a sound scientific, evidential, theoretical or philosophical base and to be critical, questioning and scholarly in approach. As an international journal, JAN promotes diversity of research and scholarship in terms of culture, paradigm and healthcare context. For JAN’s worldwide readership, authors are expected to make clear the wider international relevance of their work and to demonstrate sensitivity to cultural considerations and differences.