Studies on the antibody composition and neutralizing activity of tetanus antitoxin sera from various species of animals in relation to the antigenic substructure of the tetanus toxin molecule.

Biken journal Pub Date : 1983-12-01
M Matsuda, G Makinaga, T Hirai
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Abstract

On the basis of the antigenic substructure of tetanus neurotoxin, the antitoxin compositions of horse, rabbit and human tetanus antitoxin sera, in terms of their contents of antibodies against four antigenic determinant groups (alpha, beta-1, beta-2 and the "topographic" determinant group gamma) so far known for the toxin were studied by quantitative precipitation reactions using purified toxin, complementary fragments alpha, beta and fragment beta-1 (a subfragment of fragment beta) of the toxin. The antitoxin antibody composition varied slightly depending on the antiserum preparation. In addition, different patterns of antitoxin antibody composition and toxin-neutralizing ability, characteristic of horse, rabbit and man were found: horse antitoxin sera contained all four kinds of antibodies and horse anti-gamma showed low toxin-neutralizing ability, while human antisera lacked anti-alpha and had anti-gamma with high neutralizing activity but contained anti-beta-1 with no detectable neutralizing activity. Rabbit sera showed an intermediate pattern between those of horse and human sera. In all antisera, antibodies against determinants on the isolated fragment beta account for approximately 80-50 percent of the total precipitable antibodies and anti-beta-2 antibody was invariably present. Immunodiffusion analyses showed that the antitoxin compositions of mouse and guinea pig antisera resembled those of human antisera. In mice, fragment beta was almost as efficient as whole toxin toxoid in eliciting a protective immune response on an equal weight basis, whereas fragments beta-1 and alpha were both relatively poor antigens.

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不同动物破伤风抗毒素血清抗体组成及中和活性与破伤风毒素分子抗原亚结构的关系研究。
的基础上破伤风毒素抗原子结构,马的抗毒素成分,兔子和人类破伤风抗毒素血清,其内容的四个抗原决定簇的抗体组(α,beta 1, beta 2和“地形”行列式集团γ)到目前为止已知毒素的定量研究了沉淀反应使用纯化毒素,补充碎片α,毒素的β和片段β -1(片段β的亚片段)。抗毒素抗体组成因抗血清制剂的不同而略有不同。此外,马、兔和人的抗毒素抗体组成和中和能力存在差异,马的抗毒素血清中均含有这四种抗体,马的抗γ具有较低的中和能力,而人的抗毒素血清中缺乏抗α和抗γ,具有较高的中和活性,但含有抗β -1,但没有检测到中和活性。兔血清表现出介于马血清和人血清之间的中间模式。在所有抗血清中,针对分离片段β上决定因子的抗体约占总可沉淀抗体的80- 50%,抗β -2抗体始终存在。免疫扩散分析表明,小鼠和豚鼠抗血清的抗毒素组成与人抗血清相似。在小鼠中,在同等重量的基础上,片段β几乎与整个毒素类毒素一样有效地引发保护性免疫反应,而片段β -1和α都是相对较差的抗原。
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