Brain tumors during the first year of life.

Abstract

Among 341 childhood brain tumors treated at Northwestern University--Children's Memorial Hospital during the years 1967-1980, there were 39 children (11%) who presented during the first year of life. Half of the total number of childhood choroid plexus papillomas, meningeal sarcomas and teratomas we treated occurred in this particular age group. Supratentorial tumors were more common than infratentorial, a rate of 1.8:1. Medulloblastoma and benign astrocytoma were the most common histological types. Hydrocephalus was present in 82% of the children and papilledema in 28%, so that progressive enlargement of head circumference was the most common reason for referral. For the 37 patients who underwent surgical removal or biopsy of the tumor, the 1-month mortality rate was 19% and the 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 46, 30 and 22%, respectively. Whenever tolerated, roentgen therapy was given. Most of the 24 deaths occurred within 6 months of the time of diagnosis. 5 patients (1 each with malignant astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, meningeal sarcoma, and 2 with choroid plexus papilloma) are still alive 5 years later, without neurological or mental deficit, and with no sign of recurrence. There were three exceptions to Collin's rule. Among the 15 survivors, 5 suffer mental retardation.