The economics of screening for colo-rectal cancer

Abstract

This is a simplified, “bare bones” type of decision theory-based cost-benefit analysis of a possible screening program(s) for early detection of cancer. It seeks to emphasize the logic of the approach and the visibility of the assumptions, alternatives, possibilities .and uncertainties in the protocols and contingent probabilities. Calculations are based on relevant average data. The study suggests that properly conducted hemoccult screening for populations over 55 years of age may be a cost effective early cancer detection procedure. The benefits lie in the area of increasing the long term survival from the current 40–50% levels to a higher proportion, perhaps 70–90%. The net savings in terms of medical resources employed, given the most cost-effective protocol(s), is likely to be either very small or negative. Until research presents society with better means of primary prevention and/or better early detection and secondary prevention, there may be financial and humane advantages in pursuing (and improving) hemoccult screening for colo-rectal cancer.