Phylogeny of Discomycetes and Early Radiations of the Apothecial Ascomycotina Inferred from SSU rDNA Sequence Data

Andrea Gargas, John W. Taylor
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引用次数: 100

Abstract

Gargas, A., and Taylor, J. W. 1995. Phylogeny of discomycetes and early radiations of the apothecial Ascomycotina inferred from SSU rDNA sequence data. Experimental Mycology 19, 7-15. We used nucleotide sequences of the small subunit ribosomal genes (SSU rDNA) to examine evolutionary relationships of apothecial ascomycetes (division Ascomycota; class Discomycetes sensu ), commonly known as the cup fungi. The apothecial ascomycetes include both lichen-forming and free-living fungi. We sequenced the SSU rDNA from representatives of 10 fungal genera from four orders: Pezizales (Ascobolus lineolatus, Morchella elata agg., Peziza badia); Leotiales (Leotia lubrica, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum); Caliciales (Calicium tricolor, Mycocalicium albonigrum, Sphaerophorus globosus); and Lecanorales (Lecanora dispersa, Porpidia crustulata). Of these, C. tricolor, S. globosus, L. dispersa, and P. crustulata are lichen-forming fungi. Based on parsimony analyses of approximately 1750 aligned nucleotides of their SSU rDNA, we determined a most parsimonious tree (MPT). This hypothesis suggests that the apothecial ascomycetes are a paraphyletic assemblage, basal to other groups of filamentous ascomycetes including representatives of the perithecial fungi and cleistothecial fungi. The most parsimonious tree produced using this dataset supported the monophyly of the orders Pezizales, Leotiales, and Lecanorales. However, there was no support for monophyly of the representative Caliciales; S. globosus had affinities with members of the Lecanorales. This phylogenetic hypothesis recognizes Pezizales as basal and supports Nannfeldt's hypothesis (1932) of a primitive apothecial ascomata with subsequent evolution of perithecial and cleistothecial forms. This MPT provides a foundation for understanding evolution of the ascomycetous fungi.

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从SSU rDNA序列数据推断的双生菌的系统发育和子囊菌的早期辐射
Gargas, A.和Taylor, J. W. 1995。从SSU rDNA序列数据推断的难产菌的系统发育和子囊菌的早期辐射。实验真菌学19,7-15。我们使用小亚基核糖体基因(SSU rDNA)的核苷酸序列来检测子囊菌的进化关系(子囊菌门;双生菌纲,俗称杯菌。囊膜子囊菌包括形成地衣的真菌和自由生活的真菌。我们对Pezizales (Ascobolus lineolatus)、羊肚菌(Morchella elata agg) 4目10个真菌属代表的SSU rDNA进行了测序。,佩齐扎巴迪亚);幼龙(Leotia lutica, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum);钙质菌(三色钙质、白斑真菌钙质、球形球孢);和Lecanorales (Lecanora分散,Porpidia甲壳)。其中,C. tricolor, S. globosus, L.散开和P.甲壳是地衣形成的真菌。基于对大约1750个SSU rDNA核苷酸的简约性分析,我们确定了一个最简约树(MPT)。这一假说表明,囊膜子囊菌是一种副葡萄球菌组合,是其他丝状子囊菌群的基础,包括囊膜周真菌和闭囊真菌的代表。使用该数据集生成的最简洁的树支持Pezizales、Leotiales和Lecanorales目的单系性。但是,没有人支持代表性的卡利西亚人的单系性;globosus与Lecanorales的成员有亲缘关系。这一系统发育假说承认Pezizales是基础的,并支持了Nannfeldt的假说(1932),该假说认为原始的包膜囊胞体随后进化为包膜周和闭囊囊形式。这为了解子囊真菌的进化提供了基础。
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