{"title":"[Research in psychotherapy].","authors":"J Vymĕtal","doi":"","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychotherapy is an empirical discipline and is therefore open to exact investigations which is one of the prerequisites of its further development. The beginnings of exact research are associated with the names of H. J. Eysenck and C. R. Rogers. The contemporary research based frequently on the generic model of psychotherapy whose authors are D. E. Orlinsky and K. J. Howard is concerned in particular with the effectiveness of psychotherapy; it compares the action of different procedures, deals with differentiated indications and \"mechanisms\" inducing changes. The most frequent research strategies are an experimental approach, comparative (correlating) research and intensive research strategy. The most important source of information on research are meta-analyses which make it possible to summarize and compare an unlimited amount of mutually independent investigations. The hitherto most extensive meta-analytic processing of research projects was implemented in the Institute of Psychology of Bern University headed by K. Graw. It was revealed among others that psychotherapy exerts a very differentiated action and that in neurotic patients and patients with personality disorders cognitive behavioural psychotherapy, Rogers psychotherapy and psychoanalytic psychotherapy, cca 100 sessions, proves definitely effective. Close to the criterium of objectively effective psychotherapy is also shape psychotherapy and systematically oriented family therapy. In the Czech Republic research is conducted on a small scale but the work is demanding as regards methods and is of a high standard. Exact research of the psychotherapeutic process and therapeutic results contributes to the gradual shaping of a psychotherapeutic model which is internally differentiated and which integrates verified findings of various psychotherapeutic schools and trends.</p>","PeriodicalId":75693,"journal":{"name":"Ceskoslovenska psychiatrie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"1994-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ceskoslovenska psychiatrie","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Psychotherapy is an empirical discipline and is therefore open to exact investigations which is one of the prerequisites of its further development. The beginnings of exact research are associated with the names of H. J. Eysenck and C. R. Rogers. The contemporary research based frequently on the generic model of psychotherapy whose authors are D. E. Orlinsky and K. J. Howard is concerned in particular with the effectiveness of psychotherapy; it compares the action of different procedures, deals with differentiated indications and "mechanisms" inducing changes. The most frequent research strategies are an experimental approach, comparative (correlating) research and intensive research strategy. The most important source of information on research are meta-analyses which make it possible to summarize and compare an unlimited amount of mutually independent investigations. The hitherto most extensive meta-analytic processing of research projects was implemented in the Institute of Psychology of Bern University headed by K. Graw. It was revealed among others that psychotherapy exerts a very differentiated action and that in neurotic patients and patients with personality disorders cognitive behavioural psychotherapy, Rogers psychotherapy and psychoanalytic psychotherapy, cca 100 sessions, proves definitely effective. Close to the criterium of objectively effective psychotherapy is also shape psychotherapy and systematically oriented family therapy. In the Czech Republic research is conducted on a small scale but the work is demanding as regards methods and is of a high standard. Exact research of the psychotherapeutic process and therapeutic results contributes to the gradual shaping of a psychotherapeutic model which is internally differentiated and which integrates verified findings of various psychotherapeutic schools and trends.
心理治疗是一门经验学科,因此对精确的研究是开放的,这是其进一步发展的先决条件之一。精确研究的开端与h.j.艾森克和c.r.罗杰斯的名字有关。以d.e. Orlinsky和K. J. Howard为作者的基于心理治疗一般模型的当代研究特别关注心理治疗的有效性;它比较了不同程序的作用,讨论了不同的适应症和诱发变化的“机制”。最常见的研究策略是实验方法、比较(相关)研究和密集研究策略。研究中最重要的信息来源是荟萃分析,它使总结和比较无数相互独立的调查成为可能。迄今为止对研究项目进行的最广泛的元分析处理是在伯尔尼大学心理学研究所实施的,该研究所由K. Graw领导。结果显示,心理治疗的作用非常不同,在神经症患者和人格障碍患者中,认知行为心理治疗,罗杰斯心理治疗和精神分析心理治疗,经过100次治疗,证明绝对有效。接近客观有效心理治疗标准的还有塑造心理治疗和系统导向的家庭治疗。在捷克共和国进行的研究规模较小,但在方法和标准方面要求很高。对心理治疗过程和治疗结果的精确研究有助于逐步形成一种内部分化的、整合各种心理治疗流派和趋势的验证结果的心理治疗模式。