Gastric emptying in hypothyreosis.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the solid phase gastric emptying (GE) in hypothyreotic patients before treatment and after euthyreosis has been reached. Ten female patients (aged 44.8 +/- 9.5[SD] y) with recently diagnosed hypothyroidism were included in the study. Their thyrometabolic state and GE were examined before treatment and after a median of 5 1/2 months (range 2 1/2-12 1/2), i.e., when euthyreosis was achieved. The control group consisted of 12 healthy women (aged 34.5 +/- 8.1y). GE of a 390-kcal 99mTc-labelled solid meal was continuously recorded under a gamma camera during 90 min. A power-exponential model was used for the analysis of the GE course. Compared to the controls, the solid phase GE of the hypothyreotics was characterized by a significantly lower curve shape parameter S (0.745 +/- 0.217 vs. 1.032 +/- 0.223, p < 0.01) and slope of the curve K (4.8 +/- 2.2 min-1.10(-3) vs. 7.6 +/- 1.3 min-1.10(-3), p < 0.01). Restoration of euthyreosis resulted in an increase of both parameters, making the GE pattern no longer statistically significantly different from that encountered in healthy subjects. The treatment did not affect the gastric half emptying time T1/2 (median: 125 min and 130 min before and after the treatment, respectively; healthy controls: 94 min). A wide variation of individual GE data was found either before or after the treatment, and in a few cases delayed GE persisted despite an effective substitutive treatment. The GE kinetics was, however, in no way related to the severity of the disease. Further research on the pathogenesis of this phenomenon is warranted.