Toxins from sea cucumbers (holothuroids): chemical structures, properties, taxonomic distribution, biosynthesis and evolution.

Journal of natural toxins Pub Date : 1999-06-01
V A Stonik, V I Kalinin, S A Avilov
{"title":"Toxins from sea cucumbers (holothuroids): chemical structures, properties, taxonomic distribution, biosynthesis and evolution.","authors":"V A Stonik,&nbsp;V I Kalinin,&nbsp;S A Avilov","doi":"","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies on structures, biological activities, chemical properties, taxonomic distribution, biosynthesis, and evolution of toxins from sea cucumbers (the phylum Echinodermata, the class Holothurioidea) were reviewed with special emphasis on recent results from our laboratory. These toxins are triterpene oligoglycosides having very often one or several sulfate groups in carbohydrate moieties. Their aglycones belong to lanostane derivatives and sometimes contain shortened side chains. Many aglycones are labile in the acid medium. There is a relationship between structures of the glycosides and taxonomic positions of corresponding animals, producers of these toxins. Toxins from sea cucumbers act on delta 5-sterol-containing biological membranes with the formation of glycoside-sterol complexes followed by the disturbance of membrane permeability and inhibition of activities of some membrane enzymes. The presence of the toxins causes the alterations in membrane sterol compositions of toxic sea cucumbers in comparison with non-toxic species. These alterations include the change of delta 5-sterols for those having 7(8)- and 9(11)-double bonds as well as biotransformation of a part of free sterol fractions into sterol sulfates and sterol xylosides.</p>","PeriodicalId":16437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural toxins","volume":"8 2","pages":"235-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"1999-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of natural toxins","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Studies on structures, biological activities, chemical properties, taxonomic distribution, biosynthesis, and evolution of toxins from sea cucumbers (the phylum Echinodermata, the class Holothurioidea) were reviewed with special emphasis on recent results from our laboratory. These toxins are triterpene oligoglycosides having very often one or several sulfate groups in carbohydrate moieties. Their aglycones belong to lanostane derivatives and sometimes contain shortened side chains. Many aglycones are labile in the acid medium. There is a relationship between structures of the glycosides and taxonomic positions of corresponding animals, producers of these toxins. Toxins from sea cucumbers act on delta 5-sterol-containing biological membranes with the formation of glycoside-sterol complexes followed by the disturbance of membrane permeability and inhibition of activities of some membrane enzymes. The presence of the toxins causes the alterations in membrane sterol compositions of toxic sea cucumbers in comparison with non-toxic species. These alterations include the change of delta 5-sterols for those having 7(8)- and 9(11)-double bonds as well as biotransformation of a part of free sterol fractions into sterol sulfates and sterol xylosides.

分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
海参毒素:化学结构、性质、分类分布、生物合成和进化。
综述了海参(棘皮目海参纲)毒素的结构、生物活性、化学性质、分类分布、生物合成和进化等方面的研究进展,重点介绍了本实验室的最新研究成果。这些毒素是三萜低聚糖苷,通常在碳水化合物部分具有一个或几个硫酸盐基团。它们的苷元属于羊毛甾烷衍生物,有时含有缩短的侧链。许多苷元在酸性介质中不稳定。糖苷的结构与产生这些毒素的相应动物的分类位置有一定的关系。海参毒素作用于含有δ 5-甾醇的生物膜,形成糖苷-甾醇复合物,干扰膜的通透性,抑制某些膜酶的活性。毒素的存在导致有毒海参与无毒海参相比膜固醇成分的改变。这些变化包括具有7(8)-和9(11)-双键的δ 5-甾醇的变化,以及部分游离甾醇馏分转化为甾醇硫酸盐和甾醇木糖。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
期刊最新文献
Development of Monoclonal Antibody Anti-African Bitis arietans Snake Toxin Phospholipase A2 L-amino acid oxidase from Trimeresurus jerdonii snake venom: purification, characterization, platelet aggregation-inducing and antibacterial effects. A pilot experiment for production of Malayan krait antivenom: immunization of rabbits with Bungarus candidus venom. Biochemical characterization of the soluble alkaline phosphatase isolated from the venomous snake W. aegyptia. Heptyl prodigiosin, a bacterial metabolite, is antimalarial in vivo and non-mutagenic in vitro.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1