Micro-environmental and socio-demographic determinants of childhood obesity.

L A Moreno, C Tomás, M González-Gross, G Bueno, J M Pérez-González, M Bueno
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引用次数: 79

Abstract

Aim: To review the available data in Spain about the socio-demographic and home environmental determinants in children and adolescents.

Method: Review of the main studies conducted in Spain that have analysed the relationship between overweight and socio-economic and environmental determinants in children and adolescents.

Results: In children aged 6-7 y from Aragon (Spain), the socio-demographic determinants of childhood overweight were size of municipality, year of examination, gender, and province; in adolescents aged 13-14 y, the socio-demographic determinants were year of examination, type of school, size of municipality, gender, and province; overweight showed a significant positive main effect with public schools and low municipality size. In a nationally representative sample of Spanish adolescents from 13 to 18.5 y (AVENA Study), there was a significant relationship between overweight and socio-economic status in males but not in females; in males, the lowest overweight prevalences were observed in both extreme socio-economic groups; moreover, overweight prevalences increased when socio-economic status decreased, from the high to the medium-low socio-economic group. The studied variables related with family environment did not show any significant effect in overweight prevalence.

Conclusion: Better knowledge of the relationship between social class and childhood obesity would lead to clearer hypotheses for the relationship in adults and might improve the preventive measures by identifying children at risk.

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儿童肥胖的微观环境和社会人口决定因素。
目的:回顾西班牙关于儿童和青少年社会人口和家庭环境决定因素的现有数据。方法:回顾在西班牙进行的主要研究,这些研究分析了儿童和青少年中超重与社会经济和环境决定因素之间的关系。结果:在西班牙阿拉贡6-7岁儿童中,影响儿童超重的社会人口学因素有直辖市规模、检查年份、性别和省份;在13-14岁的青少年中,社会人口统计学决定因素是考试年份、学校类型、城市规模、性别和省;超重在公立学校和小城市规模中表现出显著的正主效应。在西班牙13岁至18.5岁青少年的全国代表性样本中(AVENA研究),男性超重与社会经济地位之间存在显著关系,但女性没有;在男性中,两个极端社会经济群体的超重患病率最低;此外,随着社会经济地位的降低,超重患病率也随之增加,从高社会经济群体到中低社会经济群体。与家庭环境相关的变量对超重患病率没有显著影响。结论:了解社会阶层与儿童肥胖之间的关系有助于对成人肥胖之间的关系进行更清晰的假设,并可能通过识别高危儿童来改进预防措施。
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