Composition of plant telomeres

Barbara Zellinger, Karel Riha
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引用次数: 62

Abstract

Telomeres are essential elements of eukaryotic chromosomes that differentiate native chromosome ends from deleterious DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). This is achieved by assembling chromosome termini in elaborate high-order nucleoprotein structures that in most organisms encompass telomeric DNA, specific telomere-associated proteins as well as general chromatin and DNA repair factors. Although the individual components of telomeric chromatin are evolutionary highly conserved, cross species comparisons have revealed a remarkable flexibility in their utilization at telomeres. This review outlines the strategies used for chromosome end protection and maintenance in mammals, yeast and flies and discusses current progress in deciphering telomere structure in plants.

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植物端粒的组成
端粒是真核生物染色体中区分原生染色体末端与有害DNA双链断裂(DSBs)的重要组成部分。这是通过将染色体末端组装成复杂的高阶核蛋白结构来实现的,在大多数生物体中,这些结构包括端粒DNA、特定的端粒相关蛋白以及一般的染色质和DNA修复因子。尽管端粒染色质的个体成分在进化上是高度保守的,但跨物种比较揭示了它们在端粒中的利用具有显着的灵活性。本文综述了哺乳动物、酵母和苍蝇的染色体末端保护和维持策略,并讨论了植物端粒结构破译的最新进展。
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