Dynamic evaluation of alimentary-dependent risk factors of chronic non-infectious diseases in population survey.

Abstract

The aim of the study was to research the incidence of alimentary risk factors (RF) of chronic noninfectious diseases under severe conditions of complex climatoecologic and biogeochemical factors of the Far North. The representative sample of 2,094 Nadym-city non-Natives (Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug) aged 20-59 was examined. In the first cross-sectional study, 1,093 persons (39.1% of men and 60.9% of women)--and in the last screening 1,001 persons (33.9% of men and 66.1% of women)--were examined. The RF presence was established on the basis of the following criteria: arterial hypertension (WHO, ISAH (1999)) was defined at blood pressure levels > or = 140-90 mmHg. Persons who finished antihypertensive treatment no later than two weeks before examination were also referred to this group. Excessive body mass for both men and women was defined at Quetlet index > or = 29.0 kg/m2, hypercholesterolemia at plasma cholesterol level > or = .5 mmol/l, hypertriglyceridemia at triglyceride level > or = 2.26 mmol/ l, hypoalphacholesterolemia at high density lipoproteins cholesterol level < or = 0.88 mmol/l, and hypercholesterolemia of low density lipoproteids at low density lipoproteids cholesterol level > or = 4.1 mmol/l. The results of research revealed high incidence of alimentary-dependent RF of chronic noninfectious diseases. In six-year dynamics, the increase of dislipoproteidemias for 18.1% (31.3% vs. 26.5%), high incidence of arterial hypertension (31.0% vs. 38.5%), and excessive body mass (33.3% vs. 30.6%) were assessed. High incidence of alimentary-dependent RF of chronic noninfectious diseases is the direct consequence of unsatisfactory, misbalanced nutrition. In programs aimed at prevention of alimentary-dependent diseases the priority should be given to non-pharmacological (or non-medicamentous) methods, and, first of all, to dietologic methods aimed at correcting the nutrition structure in the population.