Epidemiological analysis of eosinophilia and elevation of immunoglobulin E as a predictable and relative risk of enteroparasitosis.

Abstract

Introduction: among the intestinal parasites, the helminthiasis occupies a prominent position in Brazil, since it worsens malnutrition and the gives rise to neurovegetative disorders. Helminths like Ascaris lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, hookworm, Trichuris trichiura and Strongyloides stercoralis stand out due to several factors that modulate the immune response of individuals. Among the protozoa are Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica. E. dispar. Parasitic helminth antigens are important to stimulate the production of cytokines such as interleukin-4 and interleukin-5, which act through the induction of IgE synthesis and activation of eosinophils. Eosinophilia is usually detectable in pre-patent period of parasitism, initially linked to B lymphocytes, under the command of Th-2 lymphokines (IL-4 and IL-5), producing IgE in response to initial exposure to an antigen or allergen. Serum IgE high levels occur in tissue migration of larvae or harboring of parasites in tissues.

Objective: to determine the presence of eosinophils and IgE elevation in children with intestinal parasites.

Methods: high levels of IgE and eosinophils were observed in groups infected and not infected (allergic) to calculate the relative risk of intestinal parasites presumptive differentiated between protozoa and helminths and check what values of these indicators are observed in the epidemiological profile of the surveyed population.

Results: the values obtained by calculating the relative risk for eosinophilia, compared with helminths and allergies was 11.71, but when examined by giardiasis compared with other diseases, the relative risk was 0.75. Since the comparison of helminths and giradiase, the relative risk was 27.33. Since IgE and its parameters were appropriate commit Helminth relative risk 0.39; Giardiasis had relative risk 8, 18 and Helminths compared with giardiasis had 0.03.

Conclusion: in this study it was possible to observe that helminthiasis is connected with cases of eosinophilia with alteration of IgE, which in turn contributes to the presence of IgE eosionofilia and has an effector response against helminths that provides the expulsion of its larvae.