Structural properties and antioxidant activities of soybean protein hydrolysates produced by Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus cell envelope proteinase

Abstract

In this work, we investigated the structural and biological properties of soybean protein isolate (SPI) after 0–8 h hydrolyzation with cell envelope proteinase (CEP) extracted from Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. CEP hydrolysis increased the β-sheet and red-shifted the fluorescence peak, while decreasing the α-helix, indicating the unfolding of soybean proteins. Increased surface hydrophobicity and fluorescence of the soybean protein hydrolysates were correlated with the increased hydrophobic amino acid (from 209.67 to 217.6 mg/100 g). CEP tended to hydrolyze the N- and C-terminal regions of sequences dominated by Gly and Leu, which enhanced the antioxidant activity of the SPHs (lowest IC_50s value of ABTS^•+ and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity were 0.324 ± 0.006 mg/mL and 0.365 ± 0.001 mg/mL after 4 h hydrolysis). Comparison with the database of bioactive peptides suggested various potential biological activities, including antioxidant activity, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitory activity. The study findings have theoretical significance for the development of CEP hydrolysis and novel bioactive soybean peptides.