Effects of streptozotocin, fructose and sucrose-induced insulin resistance on plasma and urinary electrolytes in male Sprague-Dawley rats.

A P Arikawe, I C Udenze, M F Akinwolere, A O Ogunsola, R T Oghogholosu
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Abstract

Background: Several groups in recent times have related the pathogenesis of renal haemodynamic changes in diabetes and most of the experimental diabetic conditions studied so far were carried out using streptozotocin injection only.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of streptozotocin, fructose and sucrose induced insulin resistance on plasma and urinary electrolytes. Closely related to this aim, was the view to suggest which profoundly potentiate insulin resistance more between fructose and sucrose.

Methods: Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups Group 1 > control group. Group 2 > served as streptozotocin group, rendered diabetic by a single dose IP injection of Streptozotocin 45 mg/kg in 0.1 M freshly dissolved in Na+ citrate buffer pH 4.5. Hyperglycaemia confirmed after 48 hours. Groups 3 and 4 > served as 25% fructose and 50% fructose groups respectively; fed on a diet containing 25% and 50% fructose (W/W) for 12 weeks. Groups 5 and 6 > served as 25% sucrose and 50% sucrose groups respectively; fed on a diet containing 25% and 50% sucrose (W/W) for 12 weeks. Hyperglycaemia confirmed at the 12th week.

Results: Plasma and urinary sodium and potassium were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the 25% and 50% sucrose groups compared to the other groups. Plasma and urinary chloride was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the 25% and 50% fructose groups compared to the other groups. Plasma creatinine and urea was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the streptozotocin, 25% and 50% Sucrose groups compared to all the other groups. Urinary creatinine and urea was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the streptozotocin, and 25% Fructose groups compared to all the other groups.

Conclusion: The elevated levels of plasma and urinary electrolytes are presumptive markers of diabetes associated lesions in the kidneys of rats. Fructose potentiated insulin resistance effect more than sucrose though sucrose might have more effect on renal sodium handling.

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链脲佐菌素、果糖和蔗糖诱导的胰岛素抵抗对雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠血浆和尿电解质的影响
背景:近年来已有几个研究小组对糖尿病肾脏血流动力学改变的发病机制进行了研究,但迄今为止所研究的大多数实验性糖尿病患者仅使用链脲佐菌素注射。目的:探讨链脲佐菌素、果糖和蔗糖诱导的胰岛素抵抗对血浆和尿电解质的影响。与这一目的密切相关的观点是,果糖和蔗糖之间哪一种更深刻地增强了胰岛素抵抗。方法:36只雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为6组。第2组为链脲佐菌素组,用0.1 M新鲜溶解的Na+柠檬酸缓冲液单剂量IP注射链脲佐菌素45 mg/kg致糖尿病。48小时后确诊高血糖。第3组和第4组分别为25%果糖和50%果糖组;饲喂含25%和50%果糖(W/W)的日粮12周。第5组和第6组分别为25%和50%蔗糖组;饲喂含25%和50%蔗糖(W/W)的日粮12周。12周时确诊高血糖。结果:25%、50%蔗糖组血浆及尿钠、钾含量显著高于其他各组(P < 0.05)。25%和50%果糖组血浆和尿氯含量显著高于其他各组(P < 0.05)。链脲佐菌素、25%和50%蔗糖组血浆肌酐和尿素显著高于其他各组(P < 0.05)。与其他各组相比,链脲佐菌素组和25%果糖组尿肌酐和尿素显著升高(P < 0.05)。结论:血浆和尿电解质水平升高是大鼠肾脏糖尿病相关病变的推定标志。果糖对胰岛素抵抗的增强作用大于蔗糖,尽管蔗糖对肾脏钠处理的影响可能更大。
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