The impact of childhood vaccines on bacterial carriage in the nasopharynx: a longitudinal study.

IF 3.6 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Emerging Themes in Epidemiology Pub Date : 2015-01-16 eCollection Date: 2015-01-01 DOI:10.1186/s12982-014-0022-3

Christian Bottomley, Abdoulie Bojang, Peter G Smith, Ousainou Darboe, Martin Antonio, Ebenezer Foster-Nyarko, Beate Kampmann, Brian Greenwood, Umberto D'Alessandro, Anna Roca

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引用次数: 31

Abstract

Background: There is increasing evidence that childhood vaccines have effects that extend beyond their target disease. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of routine childhood vaccines on bacterial carriage in the nasopharynx.

Methods: A cohort of children from rural Gambia was recruited at birth and followed up for one year. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken immediately after birth, every two weeks for the first six months and then every other month. The presence of bacteria in the nasopharynx (Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus) was compared before and after the administration of DTP-Hib-HepB and measles-yellow fever vaccines.

Results: A total of 1,779 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 136 children for whom vaccination data were available. The prevalence of bacterial carriage was high: 82.2% S. pneumoniae, 30.6%, S.aureus, 27.8% H. influenzae. Carriage of H. influenzae (OR = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.99) and S. pneumoniae (OR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.90) were significantly reduced after measles-yellow fever vaccination; while DTP-Hib-HepB had no effect on bacterial carriage.

Conclusions: Nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage is unaffected by DTP-Hib-HepB vaccination and reduced after measles-yellow fever vaccination.

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儿童疫苗对鼻咽部细菌携带的影响:一项纵向研究。

背景:越来越多的证据表明，儿童疫苗的作用超出了其目标疾病。本研究的目的是评估常规儿童疫苗对鼻咽部细菌携带的影响。方法:从冈比亚农村地区招募一组出生后随访一年的儿童。出生后立即采集鼻咽拭子，前六个月每两周采集一次，然后每隔一个月采集一次。比较了接种DTP-Hib-HepB疫苗和麻疹-黄热病疫苗前后鼻咽部细菌(流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌)的存在情况。结果:从136名可获得疫苗接种数据的儿童中共收集了1,779份鼻咽拭子。细菌携带率较高:肺炎链球菌82.2%，金黄色葡萄球菌30.6%，流感嗜血杆菌27.8%。携带流感嗜血杆菌(OR = 0.36;95% CI: 0.13, 0.99)和肺炎链球菌(OR = 0.25;95% CI: 0.07, 0.90)接种麻疹-黄热病疫苗后显著降低;而DTP-Hib-HepB对细菌携带没有影响。结论:接种DTP-Hib-HepB疫苗不影响鼻咽细菌携带，麻疹-黄热病疫苗接种后细菌携带减少。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Emerging Themes in Epidemiology Medicine-Epidemiology

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

4.30%

发文量

审稿时长

28 weeks

期刊介绍： Emerging Themes in Epidemiology is an open access, peer-reviewed, online journal that aims to promote debate and discussion on practical and theoretical aspects of epidemiology. Combining statistical approaches with an understanding of the biology of disease, epidemiologists seek to elucidate the social, environmental and host factors related to adverse health outcomes. Although research findings from epidemiologic studies abound in traditional public health journals, little publication space is devoted to discussion of the practical and theoretical concepts that underpin them. Because of its immediate impact on public health, an openly accessible forum is needed in the field of epidemiology to foster such discussion.