{"title":"Effect of vitamins C and E on cancer survival; a systematic review.","authors":"Shahrzad Mohseni, Ozra Tabatabaei-Malazy, Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed, Mostafa Qorbani, Leila Azadbakht, Patricia Khashayar, Bagher Larijani","doi":"10.1007/s40199-022-00451-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Association between vitamins C (VC)/ E (VE) and cancer survival is inconsistent. This systematic review is aimed to summarize trials for effects of VC/VE on cancer survival.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relevant English trials were retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus databases, and Clinicaltrials.gov through 21/June/2022. Inclusion criteria were all trials which assessed sole/combinations intake of VC/VE on survival rate, mortality, or remission of any cancer. Exclusion criteria were observational and animal studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We reached 30 trials conducted on 38,936 patients with various cancers. Due to severe methodological heterogeneity, meta-analysis was impossible. High dose VC + chemotherapy or radiation was safe with an overall survival (OS) 182 days - 21.5 months. Sole oral or intravenous high dose VC was safe with non-significant change in OS (2.9-8.2 months). VE plus chemotherapy was safe, resulted in stabling diseases for 5 years in 70- 86.7% of patients and OS 109 months. It was found 60% and 16% non-significant reductions in adjusted hazard ratio (HR) deaths or recurrence by 200 mg/d tocotrienol + tamoxifen in breast cancer, respectively. Sole intake of 200-3200 mg/d tocotrienol before resectable pancreatic cancer was safe and significantly increased cancer cells' apoptosis. Combination VC and VE was non-significantly reduced 7% in rate of neoplastic gastric polyp.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although our study is supported improvement of survival and progression rates of cancers by VC/VE, more high quality trials with large sample sizes are required to confirm.</p><p><strong>Prospero registration number: </strong>CRD42020152795.</p>","PeriodicalId":10961,"journal":{"name":"Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"427-441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9715902/pdf/40199_2022_Article_451.pdf","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40199-022-00451-x","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2022/9/22 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Purpose: Association between vitamins C (VC)/ E (VE) and cancer survival is inconsistent. This systematic review is aimed to summarize trials for effects of VC/VE on cancer survival.
Methods: Relevant English trials were retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus databases, and Clinicaltrials.gov through 21/June/2022. Inclusion criteria were all trials which assessed sole/combinations intake of VC/VE on survival rate, mortality, or remission of any cancer. Exclusion criteria were observational and animal studies.
Results: We reached 30 trials conducted on 38,936 patients with various cancers. Due to severe methodological heterogeneity, meta-analysis was impossible. High dose VC + chemotherapy or radiation was safe with an overall survival (OS) 182 days - 21.5 months. Sole oral or intravenous high dose VC was safe with non-significant change in OS (2.9-8.2 months). VE plus chemotherapy was safe, resulted in stabling diseases for 5 years in 70- 86.7% of patients and OS 109 months. It was found 60% and 16% non-significant reductions in adjusted hazard ratio (HR) deaths or recurrence by 200 mg/d tocotrienol + tamoxifen in breast cancer, respectively. Sole intake of 200-3200 mg/d tocotrienol before resectable pancreatic cancer was safe and significantly increased cancer cells' apoptosis. Combination VC and VE was non-significantly reduced 7% in rate of neoplastic gastric polyp.
Conclusion: Although our study is supported improvement of survival and progression rates of cancers by VC/VE, more high quality trials with large sample sizes are required to confirm.
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