"It's a walk of shame": Experiences of unintended pregnancy and abortion among sexual- and gender-minoritized females in urban India.

Medicine access @ point of care Pub Date : 2021-07-31 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI:10.1177/23992026211027698
Jessamyn Bowling, Megan Simmons, Donna Blekfeld-Sztraky, Elizabeth Bartelt, Brian Dodge, Vikram Sundarraman, Brindaa Lakshmi, Debby Herbenick
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Abstract

Background: Unintended pregnancy and safe abortion access in India remain critical public health concerns. The health of sexual- and gender-minoritized females (SGMF; those assigned female at birth and identify as other than heterosexual and/or as other than cisgender women) in India is understudied.

Aim: We examined experiences of unintended pregnancy and abortion among SGMF individuals in urban India.

Methods: We used focus group discussions (n = 8 individuals in two groups) and interviews (n = 20) with SGMF individuals. Data were collected in December 2017. Transcripts were analyzed using a priori thematic analysis and then open thematic analysis in Dedoose online software.

Results: Nine participants experienced or suspected they had unintended pregnancies. Pregnancy circumstances were mostly due to sex without using a barrier method. Participants discussed using traditional methods to induce abortion or changing their approach to contraception. Social support was often lacking, though partners were supportive of abortion choices. Participants reported stigma and surveillance from family, friends, providers, and community members.

Conclusion: These findings highlight the effects of stigma in relation to abortion and unintended pregnancy on health and relationships.

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“这是一条耻辱之路”:印度城市中性和性别少数的女性意外怀孕和堕胎的经历。
背景:在印度,意外怀孕和获得安全堕胎仍然是严重的公共卫生问题。性和性别上处于少数地位的妇女的健康;在印度,那些出生时就被指定为女性,并被认定为非异性恋和/或非顺性女性的女性尚未得到充分研究。目的:我们研究了印度城市SGMF个体的意外怀孕和流产经历。方法:采用焦点小组讨论(两组共8人)和对SGMF个体的访谈(20人)。数据于2017年12月收集。利用Dedoose在线软件先进行先验主题分析,再进行开放式主题分析。结果:9名参与者经历或怀疑他们意外怀孕。怀孕的情况主要是由于性行为没有使用屏障法。与会者讨论了使用传统方法人工流产或改变避孕方法的问题。虽然伴侣支持堕胎选择,但往往缺乏社会支持。参与者报告了来自家庭、朋友、提供者和社区成员的耻辱和监视。结论:这些发现突出了与堕胎和意外怀孕有关的耻辱对健康和人际关系的影响。
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