Dynamic Useful Field of View Training to Enhance Older Adults' Cognitive and Motor Function: A Pilot Study.

Abstract

Useful Field of View (UFOV) computerized cognitive training improves older adults' gait speed and balance and reduces dementia risk. We investigated a new form of UFOV training requiring physical movement, Training Under Cognitive Kinematics (TUCK). We hypothesized TUCK would be acceptable, feasible, and potentially efficacious to improve UFOV Test- and motor performance. Sixty-nine older adults were randomized to TUCK, computerized UFOV training, or an active control group. Cognitive- and motor function were assessed before and immediately after the intervention period. Participants rated TUCK as enjoyable, engaging and satisfying, indicating acceptability. Eighty-five percent of participants completed TUCK, demonstrating feasibility. Overall, effect sizes for TUCK did not indicate greater efficacy than computerized UFOV training relative to controls. UFOV training showed effect sizes indicating improved balance as measured by Turn 360 (d=0.37) and Optogait (d=0.51-0.69) from pre- to post- training relative to controls. Incorporating movement into UFOV cognitive training did not enhance cognitive or motor functional gains. Future investigations are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of UFOV cognitive training to enhance motor function. Research should continue to investigate the association of cognitive and motor function and interventions to improve these outcomes among older adults. The trial and planned analyses were pre-registered: https://osf.io/7utgw.