Phosphatidylcholine: Greasing the Cholesterol Transport Machinery.

Lipid insights Pub Date : 2016-04-04 eCollection Date: 2015-01-01 DOI:10.4137/LPI.S31746
Thomas A Lagace
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引用次数: 36

Abstract

Negative feedback regulation of cholesterol metabolism in mammalian cells ensures a proper balance of cholesterol with other membrane lipids, principal among these being the major phospholipid phosphatidylcholine (PC). Processes such as cholesterol biosynthesis and efflux, cholesteryl ester storage in lipid droplets, and uptake of plasma lipoproteins are tuned to the cholesterol/PC ratio. Cholesterol-loaded macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions display increased PC biosynthesis that buffers against elevated cholesterol levels and may also facilitate cholesterol trafficking to enhance cholesterol sensing and efflux. These same mechanisms could play a generic role in homeostatic responses to acute changes in membrane free cholesterol levels. Here, I discuss the established and emerging roles of PC metabolism in promoting intracellular cholesterol trafficking and membrane lipid homeostasis.

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磷脂酰胆碱:润滑胆固醇运输机制。
哺乳动物细胞中胆固醇代谢的负反馈调节确保了胆固醇与其他膜脂的适当平衡,其中主要是磷脂酰胆碱(PC)。胆固醇的生物合成和外排、脂滴中胆固醇酯的储存以及血浆脂蛋白的摄取等过程都与胆固醇/PC比值有关。动脉粥样硬化病变中装载胆固醇的巨噬细胞显示出增加的PC生物合成,缓冲胆固醇水平升高,也可能促进胆固醇运输,增强胆固醇感知和外溢。这些相同的机制可能在膜游离胆固醇水平急性变化的稳态反应中发挥一般作用。在这里,我讨论了PC代谢在促进细胞内胆固醇运输和膜脂稳态中的既定和新兴作用。
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Effects of Phenylalanine on the Liquid-Expanded and Liquid-Condensed States of Phosphatidylcholine Monolayers. Cholesterol-Binding Sites in GIRK Channels: The Devil is in the Details. Some Lipid Droplets Are More Equal Than Others: Different Metabolic Lipid Droplet Pools in Hepatic Stellate Cells. Intracellular Lipid Droplets: From Structure to Function. Four Acyltransferases Uniquely Contribute to Phospholipid Heterogeneity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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