Obesity: systemic and pulmonary complications, biochemical abnormalities, and impairment of lung function.

IF 2.3 Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine Pub Date : 2016-07-12 eCollection Date: 2016-01-01 DOI:10.1186/s40248-016-0066-z
Thiago Thomaz Mafort, Rogério Rufino, Cláudia Henrique Costa, Agnaldo José Lopes
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引用次数: 203

Abstract

Obesity is currently one of the major epidemics of this millennium and affects individuals throughout the world. It causes multiple systemic complications, some of which result in severe impairment of organs and tissues. These complications involve mechanical changes caused by the accumulation of adipose tissue and the numerous cytokines produced by adipocytes. Obesity also significantly interferes with respiratory function by decreasing lung volume, particularly the expiratory reserve volume and functional residual capacity. Because of the ineffectiveness of the respiratory muscles, strength and resistance may be reduced. All these factors lead to inspiratory overload, which increases respiratory effort, oxygen consumption, and respiratory energy expenditure. It is noteworthy that patterns of body fat distribution significantly influence the function of the respiratory system, likely via the direct mechanical effect of fat accumulation in the chest and abdominal regions. Weight loss caused by various types of treatment, including low-calorie diet, intragastric balloon, and bariatric surgery, significantly improves lung function and metabolic syndrome and reduces body mass index. Despite advances in the knowledge of pulmonary and systemic complications associated with obesity, longitudinal randomized studies are needed to assess the impact of weight loss on metabolic syndrome and lung function.

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肥胖:全身和肺部并发症、生化异常和肺功能损害。
肥胖目前是本世纪的主要流行病之一,影响着全世界的人。它会引起多种全身并发症,其中一些会导致器官和组织的严重损害。这些并发症包括由脂肪组织的积累和脂肪细胞产生的大量细胞因子引起的机械变化。肥胖还通过减少肺容量,特别是呼气储备容量和功能剩余容量,显著干扰呼吸功能。由于呼吸肌的无效,力量和阻力可能会降低。所有这些因素都会导致吸气超负荷,从而增加呼吸努力、耗氧量和呼吸能量消耗。值得注意的是,身体脂肪分布的模式显著影响呼吸系统的功能,可能是通过胸部和腹部脂肪积累的直接机械效应。通过低热量饮食、胃内球囊、减肥手术等多种治疗方法,可显著改善肺功能和代谢综合征,降低体重指数。尽管对与肥胖相关的肺部和全身并发症的了解有所进展,但仍需要纵向随机研究来评估减肥对代谢综合征和肺功能的影响。
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来源期刊
Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine
Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine Medicine-Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
自引率
0.00%
发文量
23
期刊介绍: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine is the official journal of the Italian Respiratory Society - Società Italiana di Pneumologia (IRS/SIP). The journal publishes on all aspects of respiratory medicine and related fields, with a particular focus on interdisciplinary and translational research. The interdisciplinary nature of the journal provides a unique opportunity for researchers, clinicians and healthcare professionals across specialties to collaborate and exchange information. The journal provides a high visibility platform for the publication and dissemination of top quality original scientific articles, reviews and important position papers documenting clinical and experimental advances.
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