Methodologies for measuring the setting times of mineral trioxide aggregate and Portland cement products used in dentistry.

Acta Biomaterialia Odontologica Scandinavica Pub Date : 2016-01-26 eCollection Date: 2016-12-01 DOI:10.3109/23337931.2015.1135746
William Nguyen Ha, Timothy Nicholson, Bill Kahler, Laurence James Walsh
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引用次数: 18

Abstract

Objective The current standard used to measure setting time for Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) involves indentation testing with arbitrary weights. This study compared indentation testing against rheological measurements and assessed the influences of particle size and the inclusion of bismuth oxide on the setting time of experimental MTA and Portland cement (PC). Material and methods Two PCs (P1 and P2) of different particle sizes were produced using the same clinker. From these two PCs, two experimental MTAs (M1 and M2) were created with the addition of bismuth oxide. Particle size distributions were assessed using laser diffraction analysis. Indentation setting time tests were performed in accordance to the Gillmore needle test. Elastic modulus was assessed using a strain-controlled rheometer at 1 rad s-1 and an applied strain of 0.01%. Results P1, P2, M1 and M2 cements had median particle sizes of 6.1, 12.5, 6.5 and 13.0 μm, respectively. Using indentation testing, final setting times were ranked P1 < M1 < P2 < M2. The ranking of the final setting time corresponded with the rheological assessment of time required to reach 95% of the elastic modulus plateau. Conclusions The time to reach 95% elastic modulus plateau of 9.3 min corresponds to a time close to the point where the material can be overlaid with another restorative material to give a final restoration. The 95% plateau value for elastic modulus may be a more useful parameter for determining how the setting reaction of PC and MTA cements progress over time.

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测定牙科用矿物三氧化物骨料和硅酸盐水泥制品凝固时间的方法。
目的目前用于测定三氧化矿物骨料(MTA)凝固时间的标准包括任意重量的压痕试验。本研究比较了压痕测试和流变测试,并评估了粒径和氧化铋包合物对实验MTA和波特兰水泥(PC)凝结时间的影响。材料与方法用同一熟料制备了两种不同粒径的pc (P1和P2)。在此基础上,添加氧化铋制备了两个实验mta (M1和M2)。采用激光衍射分析评估颗粒尺寸分布。按照Gillmore针试验进行压痕凝固时间试验。使用应变控制流变仪在1 rad s-1和0.01%的应变下评估弹性模量。结果P1、P2、M1、M2水泥的中位粒径分别为6.1、12.5、6.5、13.0 μm。采用压痕测试,最终凝固次数排序为P1 < M1 < P2 < M2。最终凝固时间的排序与达到弹性模量平台95%所需的流变评估时间相对应。结论达到95%弹性模量平台的时间为9.3 min,即接近可与另一种修复材料复盖的时间。弹性模量的95%平台值可能是一个更有用的参数,用于确定PC和MTA胶结物的凝结反应如何随时间进行。
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