Epidemiology of pediatric bone fractures across age groups: Analysis of a pediatric population at an outpatient clinic in the Southwest region of Puerto Rico.

Abstract

Background: Background: Gender disparities in pediatric fracture events has been well-documented however, less is known about racial disparities. The aim of this study is to investigate the epidemiology of pediatric bone fractures in a Hispanic population.

Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of patient’s records from a Pediatric Orthopeadic outpatient clinic in the Southwest region of Puerto Rico during a 1-year span (August 2014 – August 2015). Differences in sex, BMI, health insurance coverage, parental educational level and employment status, mechanism of fracture, fracture site, and seasonality were investigated among three age classes (pre-school children, school children and adolescents).

Results: The sample consited of 243 subjects (0-21 y/o) sustaining a fracture of any extremity within the study period. Boys were at a higher risk of having a fracture event and as age increased, the male/female ratio also increased. The mean BMI was 18.0 kg/m2, with the highest in the school children age group (20.3 kg/m2). Slighlty more than half of the subjects (55.7%) benefitted from public health insurance coverage. The typical father was a laborer with a high school diploma, while the mother had a high school diploma but was unemployed There was a tendency for the children to suffer a bone fracture while at school (49.4%), followed by fractures at home (34.6%). In both the pre-school and school children groups, the upper extremity was more frequently involved (66.7% and 63.9%, respectively) in fracture events. Finally, there was very little variation in the seasonality of fracture events.

Conclusion: This study provided valuable epidemiological information about pediatric bone fractures within a Hispanic population. It may contribute to the development and implementation of educational and preventive strategies appropriate to age and sex-differences.