Effect of nicotine on placental ischemia-induced complement activation and hypertension in the rat.

IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 TOXICOLOGY Journal of Immunotoxicology Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI:10.1080/1547691X.2017.1394934
Connor F Laule, Cameron R Wing, Evan J Odean, Jacob A Wilcox, Jeffrey S Gilbert, Jean F Regal
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引用次数: 12

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific condition manifested by new-onset maternal hypertension with systemic inflammation, including increased innate immune system complement activation. While exact pathophysiology is unknown, evidence suggests that inadequate spiral artery invasion and resulting utero-placental insufficiency is the initiating event. Cigarette smoking during pregnancy decreases the risk of preeclampsia. Nicotine, a major component of cigarettes, stimulates the efferent cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway through peripherally expressed nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) and is known to attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury in kidney and liver. Prior studies indicated that complement activation was critical for placental ischemia-induced hypertension in a rat model. Thus, it was hypothesized here that nicotine was responsible for the protective effect of cigarette smoking in preeclampsia and would attenuate placental ischemia-induced systemic complement activation and hypertension. The Reduced Utero-placental Perfusion Pressure (RUPP) model in the pregnant rat was employed to induce placental ischemia, resulting in complement activation, fetal resorptions, and hypertension. On gestation day (GD)14, nicotine (1 mg/kg) or saline was administered via subcutaneous injection prior to RUPP surgery and daily through GD18. On GD19, placental ischemia significantly increased mean arterial pressure (MAP) in saline injected animals. However, the placental ischemia-induced increase in blood pressure was not evident in nicotine-treated animals and nicotine treatment significantly increased MAP variability. Circulating C3a was measured as an indicator of complement activation and increased C3a in RUPP compared to Sham persisted with nicotine treatment, as did fetal resorptions. These data suggested to us that nicotine may contribute to the decreased risk of preeclampsia with cigarette smoking, but this protective effect was confounded by additional effects of nicotine on the cardiovascular system.

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尼古丁对大鼠胎盘缺血补体活化及高血压的影响。
子痫前期是一种妊娠特异性疾病,表现为新发孕妇高血压伴全身性炎症,包括先天免疫系统补体激活增加。虽然确切的病理生理尚不清楚,但有证据表明,螺旋动脉侵袭不足和导致子宫胎盘功能不全是起始事件。怀孕期间吸烟可以降低先兆子痫的风险。尼古丁是香烟的主要成分,通过外周表达的尼古丁乙酰胆碱受体(nAChR)刺激输出胆碱能抗炎通路,已知可减轻肾和肝脏的缺血再灌注损伤。先前的研究表明,补体激活对大鼠胎盘缺血诱导的高血压模型至关重要。因此,我们假设尼古丁对吸烟对子痫前期的保护作用负责,并会减弱胎盘缺血引起的全身补体激活和高血压。采用妊娠大鼠子宫-胎盘灌注压降低(RUPP)模型诱导胎盘缺血,导致补体活化、胎儿再吸收和高血压。妊娠第14天(GD),在RUPP手术前皮下注射尼古丁(1 mg/kg)或生理盐水,直至妊娠第18天。在GD19时,胎盘缺血显著增加生理盐水注射动物的平均动脉压(MAP)。然而,在尼古丁治疗的动物中,胎盘缺血引起的血压升高并不明显,尼古丁治疗显著增加了MAP变异性。测量循环C3a作为补体激活的指标,与尼古丁治疗持续的Sham相比,RUPP中C3a的增加,胎儿吸收也是如此。这些数据向我们表明,尼古丁可能有助于降低吸烟的子痫前期风险,但这种保护作用与尼古丁对心血管系统的额外影响相混淆。
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来源期刊
Journal of Immunotoxicology
Journal of Immunotoxicology 医学-毒理学
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
3.00%
发文量
26
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Immunotoxicology is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that provides a needed singular forum for the international community of immunotoxicologists, immunologists, and toxicologists working in academia, government, consulting, and industry to both publish their original research and be made aware of the research findings of their colleagues in a timely manner. Research from many subdisciplines are presented in the journal, including the areas of molecular, developmental, pulmonary, regulatory, nutritional, mechanistic, wildlife, and environmental immunotoxicology, immunology, and toxicology. Original research articles as well as timely comprehensive reviews are published.
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