Race and Alopecia Areata amongst US Women

Abstract

Few studies have examined the clinical epidemiology of alopecia areata (AA) in regard to patient race, and therefore, any disparities in incidence or prevalence of disease are largely unexplored. We sought to investigate potential racial disparities amongst two large cohorts of women. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and Nurses’ Health Study II (NHSII), wherein participants self-reported a diagnosis of AA. We determined odds ratios for AA by race in a multivariate analysis. Among 63,960 women from NHS and 88,368 women from NHSII with information on race and diagnosis of AA, we identified 418 and 738 cases of AA, respectively. In NHS, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratio for AA was 2.72 (95% confidence interval 1.61–4.61) amongst black women as compared with white women. In NHSII, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratio was 5.48 (95% confidence interval 4.10–7.32) amongst black as compared with white women. In a secondary analysis designating participants by Hispanic ethnicity, in NHSII the multivariate odds ratio was 1.94 (95% CI 1.24–3.02) in Hispanic compared with non-Hispanic white women. In this study, we found increased odds of AA based on self-reported race in black and Hispanic women as compared with white women. Further studies are needed to explore the mechanism of this racial disparity related to AA.