Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance (PAEDS) annual report 2015: Prospective hospital-based surveillance for serious paediatric conditions.

IF 1.6 Q4 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Communicable Diseases Intelligence Pub Date : 2017-09-01
Jocelynne E McRae, Helen E Quinn, Kristine Macartney
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Abstract

Introduction: The Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance (PAEDS) network is a hospital-based active surveillance system employing prospective case ascertainment for selected serious childhood conditions, particularly vaccine preventable diseases and potential adverse events following immunisation (AEFI). PAEDS data is used to better understand these conditions, inform policy and practice under the National Immunisation Program, and enable rapid public health responses for certain conditions of public health importance. PAEDS enhances data available from other Australian surveillance systems by providing prospective, detailed clinical and laboratory information on children with selected conditions. This is the second of the planned annual PAEDS reporting series, and presents surveillance data for 2015.

Methods: Specialist surveillance nurses screened hospital admissions, emergency department records, laboratory and other data, on a daily basis in 5 paediatric tertiary referral hospitals in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia and Queensland to identify children with the selected conditions. Standardised protocols and case definitions were used across all sites. Conditions under surveillance in 2015 included acute flaccid paralysis (a syndrome associated with poliovirus infection), acute childhood encephalitis (ACE), influenza, intussusception (IS; a potential AEFI with rotavirus vaccines), pertussis and varicella-zoster virus infection (varicella and herpes zoster). Most protocols restrict eligibility to hospitalisations, ED only presentations are also included for some conditions.

Methods: : In 2015, there were 674 cases identified across all conditions under surveillance. Key outcomes of PAEDS included: contribution to national AFP surveillance to reach WHO reporting targets; identification of signals for Mycoplasma pneumoniae and parechovirus-related outbreaks (ACE surveillance); and demonstration of high influenza activity with vaccine effectiveness (VE) analysis supportive of vaccination. Surveillance for IS remains ongoing with any identified AEFIs reported to the relevant State Health Department; varicella and herpes zoster case numbers decreased slightly from previous years in older children not eligible for catch-up. Pertussis case numbers increased in early 2015 and analysis of cases in children aged <1 year demonstrated the importance of timely childhood and maternal immunisation.

Conclusions: PAEDS continues to provide unique policy-relevant data on serious paediatric conditions using hospital-based sentinel surveillance.

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儿科主动强化疾病监测(PAEDS)2015年度报告:基于医院的严重儿科疾病前瞻性监测。
导言:儿科主动强化疾病监测(PAEDS)网络是一个以医院为基础的主动监测系统,它采用前瞻性病例确定方法来监测某些严重的儿童疾病,特别是疫苗可预防疾病和免疫接种后的潜在不良事件(AEFI)。PAEDS 数据用于更好地了解这些疾病,为国家免疫计划的政策和实践提供信息,并对某些具有公共卫生重要性的疾病做出快速的公共卫生反应。PAEDS 通过提供有关特定病症儿童的前瞻性、详细的临床和实验室信息,加强了澳大利亚其他监测系统提供的数据。本文是 PAEDS 计划年度系列报告的第二篇,介绍了 2015 年的监测数据:专业监测护士每天对新南威尔士州、维多利亚州、南澳大利亚州、西澳大利亚州和昆士兰州的 5 家儿科三级转诊医院的入院记录、急诊科记录、实验室数据和其他数据进行筛查,以确定患有特定病症的儿童。所有地点均采用标准化方案和病例定义。2015 年监测的病症包括急性弛缓性麻痹(一种与脊髓灰质炎病毒感染相关的综合征)、急性儿童脑炎 (ACE)、流感、肠套叠(IS;一种与轮状病毒疫苗相关的潜在 AEFI)、百日咳和水痘-带状疱疹病毒感染(水痘和带状疱疹)。大多数方案限制了住院病例的资格,某些情况下也包括仅在急诊室就诊的病例:2015 年,在监测的所有病症中发现了 674 个病例。PAEDS 的主要成果包括:促进全国甲胎蛋白监测,以达到世卫组织的报告目标;识别肺炎支原体和帕累托病毒相关疫情的信号(ACE 监测);以及通过疫苗有效性(VE)分析证明流感活动频繁,支持疫苗接种。对 IS 的监测仍在进行中,任何发现的 AEFI 都会报告给相关的州卫生局;在不符合补种条件的大龄儿童中,水痘和带状疱疹病例数比往年略有下降。百日咳病例数在 2015 年初有所增加,并对结论年龄儿童的病例进行了分析:PAEDS 继续通过基于医院的哨点监测,就严重儿科疾病提供独特的政策相关数据。
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Communicable Diseases Intelligence
Communicable Diseases Intelligence INFECTIOUS DISEASES-
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