Caffeine Intake and Its Association with Body Composition Measures and Macronutrient Intakes in People Living with HIV in the Miami Adult Studies on HIV Cohort.

IF 1.7 Q4 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Journal of Caffeine and Adenosine Research Pub Date : 2018-03-01 DOI:10.1089/caff.2017.0026
Venkataraghavan Ramamoorthy, Adriana Campa, Muni Rubens, Sabrina S Martinez, Christina Fleetwood, Tiffanie Stewart, Juan P Liuzzi, Florence George, Hafiz Khan, Yinghui Li, Marianna Baum
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Abstract

Background: Caffeine acts as an anorexic agent, increases energy expenditures, and decreases total body fat mass, and could be detrimental to people living with HIV (PLWH). The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between caffeine consumption, body composition measures (fat mass, body mass index [BMI], and lean body mass [LBM]), nutrient intakes, CD4 counts, and HIV viral load in PLWH. Methods: A convenience sample of 130 PLWH was recruited and followed for 3 months. Caffeine intake, body composition measures, and nutrient intakes were collected using Modified Caffeine Consumption Questionnaire, bioimpedance analyses, and 24-hour dietary recalls. Linear regressions were used to analyze the baseline data for relationships between these variables. Linear mixed models (LMMs) were used to determine the overtime changes. Results: In baseline, linear regression analysis, higher caffeine consumption was associated with lower fat mass (β = -0.994, p = 0.042). However, BMI and LBM did not show any significant association with caffeine intake. LMM analysis showed that the association between caffeine intake and fat mass strengthened overtime (β = -1.987, p = 0.035). Baseline linear regression analysis showed that higher caffeine intake was significantly associated with lower caloric intakes from fat (β = -1.902, p = 0.044) and lower total caloric intake (β = -1.643, p = 0.042). However, LMM analysis showed that these associations diminished and lost significance overtime. There were no associations between body composition measures, nutrient intakes, CD4 counts, and HIV viral load. Conclusions: Caffeine intake adversely affected dietary intakes of macronutrients and total fat mass. Therefore, caffeine, a known anorectic, should be regulated in PLWH.

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迈阿密艾滋病毒成人研究队列中艾滋病毒感染者的咖啡因摄入量及其与身体成分测量和宏量营养素摄入量的关系。
背景:咖啡因具有厌食作用,可增加能量消耗,减少体内总脂肪量,可能对艾滋病病毒感染者(PLWH)不利。本研究旨在探讨咖啡因摄入量、身体组成指标(脂肪量、体重指数[BMI]和瘦体重[LBM])、营养摄入量、CD4 细胞计数和艾滋病毒感染者病毒载量之间的关系。研究方法招募了 130 名 PLWH 方便样本,并对其进行了为期 3 个月的跟踪调查。使用改良咖啡因摄入量问卷、生物阻抗分析和 24 小时饮食回忆收集咖啡因摄入量、身体成分测量值和营养素摄入量。线性回归用于分析这些变量之间关系的基线数据。线性混合模型(LMM)用于确定超时变化。结果:在基线线性回归分析中,较高的咖啡因摄入量与较低的脂肪量相关(β = -0.994,p = 0.042)。然而,体重指数(BMI)和脂肪量(LBM)与咖啡因摄入量并无明显关联。LMM 分析表明,咖啡因摄入量与脂肪量之间的关系随着时间的推移而加强(β = -1.987, p = 0.035)。基线线性回归分析显示,较高的咖啡因摄入量与较低的脂肪热量摄入量(β = -1.902, p = 0.044)和较低的总热量摄入量(β = -1.643, p = 0.042)显著相关。然而,LMM 分析表明,这些关联随着时间的推移逐渐减弱并失去意义。身体组成指标、营养摄入量、CD4 细胞计数和 HIV 病毒载量之间没有关联。结论咖啡因的摄入会对膳食中宏量营养素的摄入和总脂肪量产生不利影响。因此,咖啡因是一种已知的厌食症,应该对 PLWH 进行控制。
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