Effects of tDCS-like electrical stimulation on retinal ganglion cells.

IF 3.1 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY Eye and Brain Pub Date : 2018-08-27 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI:10.2147/EB.S163914
Christianne E Strang, Mary Katherine Ray, Mary M Boggiano, Franklin R Amthor
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引用次数: 8

Abstract

Purpose: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been studied in humans for its effects on enhancement of learning, amelioration of psychiatric disorders, and modification of other behaviors for over 50 years. Typical treatments involve injecting 2 mA current through scalp electrodes for 20 minutes, sometimes repeated weekly for two to five sessions. Little is known about the direct effects of tDCS at the neural circuit or the cellular level. This study assessed the effects of tDCS-like currents on the central nervous system by recording effects on retinal ganglion cell responsiveness using the rabbit retina eyecup preparation.

Materials and methods: We examined changes in firing to On and Off light stimuli during and after brief applications of a range of currents and polarity and in different classes of ganglion cells.

Results: The responses of Sustained cells were consistently suppressed during the first round of current application, but responses could be enhanced after subsequent rounds of stimulation. The observed first round suppression was independent of current polarity, amplitude, or number of trials. However, the light responses of Transient cells were more likely to be enhanced by negative currents and unaffected or suppressed by first round positive currents. Short-duration currents, that is, minutes, as low as 2.5 µA produced a remarkable persistency of firing changes, for up to 1.5 hours, after cessation of current.

Conclusion: The results are consistent with postulated tDCS alteration of central nervous system function, which outlast the tDCS session and provide evidence for the isolated retina as a useful model to understand tDCS actions at the neuronal level.

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tdcs样电刺激对视网膜神经节细胞的影响。
目的:经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)对人类学习能力的增强、精神障碍的改善和其他行为的改变已经进行了50多年的研究。典型的治疗包括通过头皮电极注射2毫安电流20分钟,有时每周重复两到五次。关于tDCS在神经回路或细胞水平上的直接作用,我们所知甚少。本研究通过记录兔视网膜杯制剂对视网膜神经节细胞反应性的影响,评估了tdcs样电流对中枢神经系统的影响。材料和方法:我们研究了在一系列电流和极性的短暂应用期间和之后,不同类型的神经节细胞对开和关光刺激的放电变化。结果:在第一轮电流刺激中,持续细胞的反应一直受到抑制,但在随后的几轮刺激后,反应可以增强。观察到的第一轮抑制与电流极性、振幅或试验次数无关。然而,瞬态细胞的光响应更有可能被负电流增强,而不受第一轮正电流的影响或抑制。短时间电流,即几分钟,低至2.5µA,在电流停止后可持续1.5小时,产生显著的持续放电变化。结论:实验结果与假设的tDCS对中枢神经系统功能的改变一致,这种改变持续时间长于tDCS过程,并为离体视网膜在神经元水平上理解tDCS的作用提供了有用的模型。
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来源期刊
Eye and Brain
Eye and Brain OPHTHALMOLOGY-
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
2.30%
发文量
12
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: Eye and Brain is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal focusing on basic research, clinical findings, and expert reviews in the field of visual science and neuro-ophthalmology. The journal’s unique focus is the link between two well-known visual centres, the eye and the brain, with an emphasis on the importance of such connections. All aspects of clinical and especially basic research on the visual system are addressed within the journal as well as significant future directions in vision research and therapeutic measures. This unique journal focuses on neurological aspects of vision – both physiological and pathological. The scope of the journal spans from the cornea to the associational visual cortex and all the visual centers in between. Topics range from basic biological mechanisms to therapeutic treatment, from simple organisms to humans, and utilizing techniques from molecular biology to behavior. The journal especially welcomes primary research articles or review papers that make the connection between the eye and the brain. Specific areas covered in the journal include: Physiology and pathophysiology of visual centers, Eye movement disorders and strabismus, Cellular, biochemical, and molecular features of the visual system, Structural and functional organization of the eye and of the visual cortex, Metabolic demands of the visual system, Diseases and disorders with neuro-ophthalmic manifestations, Clinical and experimental neuro-ophthalmology and visual system pathologies, Epidemiological studies.
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