The Association between Types of Soda Consumption and Overall Diet Quality: Evidence from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Pimbucha Rusmevichientong, Sinjini Mitra, Archana J McEligot, Emma Navajas
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Abstract

Background and purpose: Daily soda consumption may lead to high energy intake and poor diet quality. Although diet sodas contain no calories, they lack healthful nutrients. The study examined different types of soda consumption [regular (sugar-sweetened) sodas, diet sodas, and non-sodas] associated with overall diet quality.

Methods: Cross sectional, 24-hour dietary recall data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005-2012 were utilized for the study. Majority of the participants (n = 4,427) were female (57%), adults aged 19-55 years (51%), and non-Hispanic whites (67%). Nutritional Quality Index (NQI) was calculated as an indicator of diet quality. Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate the significant association between types of soda consumption and NQI stratified by body mass index.

Results: Regular soda drinkers had lower NQI than diet soda drinkers, but only for overweight (β =-9.72; p=0.031) and obese (β =-7.06; p<0.002) individuals. Non-soda drinkers had higher NQI compared to diet soda drinkers in normal weight (β =12.38; p=0.006) and obese (β =6.19; p<0.000) individuals.

Conclusion: Nutrition intervention programs, therefore, should target overweight and obese soda drinkers, emphasizing reduction in soda consumption, which may improve nutrient density in their diets and subsequently impact long-term health outcomes.

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汽水消费类型与整体饮食质量之间的关系:来自国家健康与营养检查调查(NHANES)的证据。
背景与目的:每天饮用苏打水可能导致高能量摄入和不良饮食质量。虽然无糖汽水不含卡路里,但它们缺乏健康的营养。该研究调查了不同类型的苏打水的消费量[普通苏打水(含糖的),无糖苏打水和非苏打水]与整体饮食质量的关系。方法:采用2005-2012年全国健康与营养检查调查(NHANES)的24小时膳食回忆数据进行研究。大多数参与者(n = 4,427)为女性(57%),19-55岁的成年人(51%)和非西班牙裔白人(67%)。计算营养品质指数(NQI)作为日粮质量的指标。使用多元线性回归模型估计苏打饮料消费类型与身体质量指数分层NQI之间的显著相关性。结果:经常喝苏打水的人的NQI低于无糖苏打水的人,但仅限于超重的人(β =-9.72;P =0.031)和肥胖(β =-7.06;pβ= 12.38;P =0.006)和肥胖(β =6.19;结论:因此,营养干预计划应该针对超重和肥胖的碳酸饮料饮用者,强调减少碳酸饮料的消费,这可能会改善他们饮食中的营养密度,从而影响长期的健康结果。
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