Imaging of Temporal Bone.

Q2 Medicine Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-01-15 DOI:10.1159/000490268
I Pyykkö, J Zou, R Gürkov, S Naganawa, T Nakashima
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引用次数: 8

Abstract

Multidetector computed tomography has been the benchmark for visualizing bony changes of the ear, but has recently been challenged by cone-beam computed tomography. In both methods, all inner ear bony structures can be visualized satisfactorily with 2D or 3D imaging. Both methods produce ionizing radiation and induce adverse health effects, especially among children. In 3T magnetic resonance imaging, the soft tissue can be imaged accurately. Use of gadolinium chelate (GdC) as a contrast agent allows the partition of fluid spaces to be visualized, such as the bulging of basilar and Reissner's membranes. Both intravenous and intratympanic administration of GdC has been used. The development of positive endolymph imaging method, which visualizes endolymph as a bright signal, and the use of image subtraction seems to allow more easily interpretable images. This long-awaited possibility of diagnosing endolymphatic hydrops in living human subjects has enabled the definition of Hydropic Ear Disease, encompassing typical Meniere's disease as well as its monosymptomatic variants and secondary conditions of endolymphatic hydrops. The next challenge in imaging of the temporal bone is to perform imaging at the cellular and molecular levels. This chapter provides an overview of current temporal bone imaging methods and a review of emerging concepts in temporal bone imaging technology.

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颞骨影像学。
多探测器计算机断层扫描一直是可视化耳骨变化的基准,但最近受到锥束计算机断层扫描的挑战。在这两种方法中,所有内耳骨结构都可以通过2D或3D成像得到满意的可视化。这两种方法都会产生电离辐射,对健康产生不利影响,尤其是对儿童。在3T磁共振成像中,可以准确地成像软组织。使用钆螯合物(GdC)作为造影剂,可以看到流体空间的划分,如基底膜和雷氏膜的膨出。静脉和鼓内给药GdC已被使用。正内淋巴成像方法的发展,将内淋巴可视化为一个明亮的信号,以及图像减法的使用似乎使图像更容易解释。这种期待已久的诊断活体人体内淋巴积液的可能性,使得水耳病的定义成为可能,包括典型的梅尼埃病及其单症状变体和内淋巴积液的继发性疾病。颞骨成像的下一个挑战是在细胞和分子水平上进行成像。本章概述了目前的颞骨成像方法,并回顾了颞骨成像技术的新兴概念。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Medicine-Otorhinolaryngology
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期刊介绍: Material for each volume in this series has been skillfully selected to document the most active areas of otorhinolaryngology and related specialties, such as neuro-otology and oncology. The series reproduces results from basic research and clinical studies pertaining to the pathophysiology, diagnosis, clinical symptoms, course, prognosis and therapy of a variety of ear, nose and throat disorders. The numerous papers correlating basic research findings and clinical applications are of immense value to all specialists engaged in the ongoing efforts to improve management of these disorders. Acting as a voice for its field, the series has also been instrumental in developing subspecialities into established specialities.
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