Clinical Toxicology and Overdose of Psychiatric Medications.

Abstract

This article reviews the poisoning epidemiology in Hong Kong, assessment and treatment of acute poisoning, and management of acute psychiatric medication overdose. In 2016, nearly 4000 poisoning cases involving approximately 6000 poisons were reported to Hong Kong Poison Information Centre. About 25% of the poisons involved were psychiatric-related medications. The initial medical assessment on poisoning includes history taking, vital signs monitoring, and focused physical examination. Approaches in managing acute poisoning include supportive measures, decontamination, antidote use, and enhanced elimination. Management on overdose of psychiatric medications (zopiclone, tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, antipsychotics, valproic acid, lithium, and methylphenidate) are discussed with practical tips highlighted.