Dynamic Competition of Polycomb and Trithorax in Transcriptional Programming.

IF 12.1 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Epub Date: 2020-01-13 DOI:10.1146/annurev-biochem-120219-103641
Mitzi I Kuroda, Hyuckjoon Kang, Sandip De, Judith A Kassis
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Abstract

Predicting regulatory potential from primary DNA sequences or transcription factor binding patterns is not possible. However, the annotation of the genome by chromatin proteins, histone modifications, and differential compaction is largely sufficient to reveal the locations of genes and their differential activity states. The Polycomb Group (PcG) and Trithorax Group (TrxG) proteins are the central players in this cell type-specific chromatin organization. PcG function was originally viewed as being solely repressive and irreversible, as observed at the homeotic loci in flies and mammals. However, it is now clear that modular and reversible PcG function is essential at most developmental genes. Focusing mainly on recent advances, we review evidence for how PcG and TrxG patterns change dynamically during cell type transitions. The ability to implement cell type-specific transcriptional programming with exquisite fidelity is essential for normal development.

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转录编程中多聚酶和三叉轴的动态竞争
从主要 DNA 序列或转录因子结合模式预测调控潜力是不可能的。然而,通过染色质蛋白、组蛋白修饰和不同的压实来注释基因组,在很大程度上足以揭示基因的位置及其不同的活动状态。多聚核糖体组(PcG)和三轴组(TrxG)蛋白是细胞类型特异性染色质组织的核心角色。PcG 的功能最初被认为是纯粹的抑制性和不可逆的,就像在苍蝇和哺乳动物的同源基因座上观察到的那样。然而,现在很清楚,在大多数发育基因中,模块化和可逆的 PcG 功能是必不可少的。我们主要关注最近的研究进展,回顾了 PcG 和 TrxG 模式如何在细胞类型转换过程中发生动态变化的证据。高保真地实现细胞类型特异性转录编程的能力对于正常发育至关重要。
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来源期刊
Annual review of biochemistry
Annual review of biochemistry 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
33.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
31
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Biochemistry, in publication since 1932, sets the standard for review articles in biological chemistry and molecular biology. Since its inception, these volumes have served as an indispensable resource for both the practicing biochemist and students of biochemistry.
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