Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy: Pattern and Obstetric Outcome in Bida, Nigeria.

Abstract

Context: Cases of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) are an increase in developing economies. Identifying the pattern of HDP in a particular community and documenting their management outcome may allow for proper planning by all stakeholders.

Aims: The objective was to determine the pattern and management outcome of hypertensive disorders among pregnant women.

Settings and design: This was a prospective cohort study involving 183 consecutive cases of HDP at Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria, between September 2015 and August 2016.

Subjects and methods: Pregnant women with hypertension were recruited and managed according to the departmental protocol. They were followed up till 6 weeks after delivery; fetal and maternal outcomes were documented.

Statistical analysis used: Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 23. The level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results: A total of 1956 deliveries occurred during the study with 183 cases of HDP, giving an incidence of 9.4%. Pregnancy-induced hypertension alongside preeclampsia constitutes the majority of HDP during the study and had accounted for over 64%. Women who did not receive antenatal care in our center were at significantly greater risk of eclampsia (P = 0.000), abruption placentae (P = 0.003), maternal death (P = 0.002), very low-birth-weight (LBW) babies (P = 0.002), extremely LBW babies (P = 0.03), and perinatal death (P = 0.000).

Conclusion: The need for prenatal screening that enables the early identification and prompt management of all expectant mothers with HDP is advised.