Introduction to ion channels and calcium signaling in the microcirculation.

4区 生物学 Q4 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Current topics in membranes Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-03-13 DOI:10.1016/bs.ctm.2020.01.001
William F Jackson
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

The microcirculation is the network of feed arteries, arterioles, capillaries and venules that supply and drain blood from every tissue and organ in the body. It is here that exchange of heat, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, hormones, water, cytokines, and immune cells takes place; essential functions necessary to maintenance of homeostasis throughout the life span. This chapter will outline the structure and function of each microvascular segment highlighting the critical roles played by ion channels in the microcirculation. Feed arteries upstream from the true microcirculation and arterioles within the microcirculation contribute to systemic vascular resistance and blood pressure control. They also control total blood flow to the downstream microcirculation with arterioles being responsible for distribution of blood flow within a tissue or organ dependent on the metabolic needs of the tissue. Terminal arterioles control blood flow and blood pressure to capillary units, the primary site of diffusional exchange between blood and tissues due to their large surface area. Venules collect blood from capillaries and are important sites for fluid exchange and immune cell trafficking. Ion channels in microvascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and pericytes importantly contribute to all of these functions through generation of intracellular Ca2+ and membrane potential signals in these cells.

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介绍微循环中的离子通道和钙信号。
微循环是由供血动脉、小动脉、毛细血管和小静脉组成的网络,为身体的每个组织和器官供血和排血。在这里,热量、氧气、二氧化碳、营养物质、激素、水、细胞因子和免疫细胞的交换发生;在整个生命周期中维持体内平衡的基本功能。本章将概述每个微血管节段的结构和功能,重点介绍离子通道在微循环中所起的关键作用。真正微循环上游的供血动脉和微循环内的小动脉有助于全身血管阻力和血压控制。它们还控制流向下游微循环的总血流量,而小动脉则根据组织的代谢需要负责组织或器官内血流的分配。末端小动脉控制流向毛细血管单位的血液流量和血压,毛细血管单位是血液和组织之间扩散交换的主要部位,因为它们的表面积很大。小静脉从毛细血管收集血液,是液体交换和免疫细胞运输的重要场所。微血管平滑肌细胞、内皮细胞和周细胞中的离子通道通过在这些细胞中产生细胞内Ca2+和膜电位信号,重要地促进了所有这些功能。
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来源期刊
Current topics in membranes
Current topics in membranes 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
10
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Current Topics in Membranes provides a systematic, comprehensive, and rigorous approach to specific topics relevant to the study of cellular membranes. Each volume is a guest edited compendium of membrane biology.
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