Excitability and contractility in arterioles and venules from the urinary bladder.

4区 生物学 Q4 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Current topics in membranes Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-02-17 DOI:10.1016/bs.ctm.2020.01.003
Nathan R Tykocki, Frederick C Monson
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The urinary bladder performs two key physiological functions: (1) to store urine, and (2) void urine at an appropriate time. While these two functions seem simple, both processes exert prolonged stretch and compressive forces on the urinary bladder vasculature that are greater than those seen by vessels in any other hollow organ. To compensate for these forces, the urinary bladder vasculature has adapted several key features that maintain blood flow during bladder filling and prevent damaging pressure fluctuations during emptying. This chapter first describes key anatomical features of the urinary bladder vasculature and how these features aid in maintaining blood flow in the milieu of the functioning bladder. Next, we investigate the mechanisms regulating excitability of urinary bladder arterioles with emphasis on the development and regulation of myogenic tone. We then discuss the physiological significance and excitability of urinary bladder capillaries and venules, and their important roles in maintaining tissue perfusion. Finally, the functionality of the urinary bladder vasculature will be explored in terms of bladder dysfunction, to understand if lower urinary tract symptoms associated with disease can be considered vascular in nature. Also included are perspectives on the urinary bladder itself as a model for understanding ischemia/reperfusion injury and the possibility that the urinary bladder holds a key to mitigating deleterious effects that result when blood flow is occluded and rapidly restored to other organs.

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膀胱小动脉和小静脉的兴奋性和收缩性。
膀胱有两个关键的生理功能:(1)储存尿液;(2)在适当的时候排空尿液。虽然这两个功能看起来很简单,但这两个过程对膀胱血管系统施加的拉伸和压缩力比任何其他中空器官的血管都要大。为了补偿这些力量,膀胱血管系统已经适应了几个关键特征,以维持膀胱充盈期间的血液流动,并防止排空期间的破坏性压力波动。本章首先描述膀胱血管系统的主要解剖特征,以及这些特征如何帮助维持膀胱功能环境中的血液流动。接下来,我们将研究膀胱小动脉兴奋性的调节机制,重点研究肌原性张力的发育和调节。然后,我们讨论了膀胱毛细血管和小静脉的生理意义和兴奋性,以及它们在维持组织灌注中的重要作用。最后,将从膀胱功能障碍的角度探讨膀胱血管系统的功能,以了解与疾病相关的下尿路症状在本质上是否可以被认为是血管。还包括对膀胱本身作为理解缺血/再灌注损伤模型的观点,以及膀胱在减轻血流阻塞并迅速恢复到其他器官时所产生的有害影响方面的关键作用的可能性。
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来源期刊
Current topics in membranes
Current topics in membranes 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
10
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Current Topics in Membranes provides a systematic, comprehensive, and rigorous approach to specific topics relevant to the study of cellular membranes. Each volume is a guest edited compendium of membrane biology.
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