{"title":"Hormone Therapy and Discrimination in the Labor Market: Emerging Experimental Evidence on the Economics of Endocrinology.","authors":"Michael T French, Andrew R Timming","doi":"10.1080/07435800.2020.1790593","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gender transitioning is increasingly common, but little is known about the extent to which individuals in transition and fully transitioned suffer from wage discrimination. <b>Methods:</b> Managers in the United States (n=204) were shown photos of white and Asian male and female \"employees\" at different stages of simulated hormone therapy and were asked to estimate their actual hourly wages based on appearance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results suggest that Asian men and women \"in transition\" and fully transitioned do not suffer from significant wage discrimination. However, among the white stimuli, gender atypical (\"in transition\" and fully transitioned) men and women are estimated to earn significantly less than their gender typical (sexually dimorphic) counterparts, with some gender-specific nuances.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The effects of hormone therapy may have a deleterious impact on the wages of white transgender individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":11601,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07435800.2020.1790593","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Endocrine Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07435800.2020.1790593","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2020/7/24 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Gender transitioning is increasingly common, but little is known about the extent to which individuals in transition and fully transitioned suffer from wage discrimination. Methods: Managers in the United States (n=204) were shown photos of white and Asian male and female "employees" at different stages of simulated hormone therapy and were asked to estimate their actual hourly wages based on appearance.
Results: The results suggest that Asian men and women "in transition" and fully transitioned do not suffer from significant wage discrimination. However, among the white stimuli, gender atypical ("in transition" and fully transitioned) men and women are estimated to earn significantly less than their gender typical (sexually dimorphic) counterparts, with some gender-specific nuances.
Conclusions: The effects of hormone therapy may have a deleterious impact on the wages of white transgender individuals.
期刊介绍：
This journal publishes original articles relating to endocrinology in the broadest context. Subjects of interest include: receptors and mechanism of action of hormones, methodological advances in the detection and measurement of hormones; structure and chemical properties of hormones. Invitations to submit Brief Reviews are issued to specific authors by the Editors.
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